406 SPRING FLOWERS, AND 



greenish. Native of moist woods, Pennsylvania to Wis- 

 consin, and southward. 



T. recurvatum. Color dark purple. Native of Wiscon- 

 sin, Illinois, Kentucky, and southward. 



T. erectum, var. album. Petals greenish-white, rarely 

 yellowish ; ovary mostly purple (Gray). Found with the 

 species, from which it otherwise does not differ, especially 

 from New York westward. 



T. nivale (D \varf White Trillium). Petals white, wavy. 

 Native of rich woods, Ohio to Wisconsin. 



The smooth, shining, evergreen leaves of the Goldthread 

 (Coptis trifolia), are very conspicuous in wet bogs and low 

 woods in early spring. In some localities they fairly carpet 

 the ground, and when spangled with the white starry 

 flowers the effect is very pleasing. The plant is a low- 

 growing perennial, with creeping roots of a golden yellow 

 color (whence the name). In places where the plant is 

 abundant, they run through the dark bog earth in every 

 direction, appearing not unlike threads of gold. The scape 

 bears one small, starry, white flower, composed of five to 

 seven club-shaped petals ; stamens from fifteen to twenty- 

 five ; pistils from three to seven ; seeds numerous, black, 

 oval. Blooms from middle of May to June. 



