TRANSMUTABLE. 113 



they are all physiologically and anatomically dis- 

 tinct, and widely so from the human form. 



The chief distinctions between the Gorilla and 

 man are 1st. The almost total absence of neck. 

 2nd. The backward junction of the head to the 

 trunk. 3rd. The great length of the cervical 

 spines. 4th. The projection of the nape beyond 

 the occiput. 5th. The great size and elevation 

 of the scapulae. 6th. The oblique rising of the 

 clavicles from their sternal attachments to above 

 the level of the angles of the jaw. 7th. The 

 brain-case low and narrow. 8th. The lofty ridges 

 of the skull making the cranial profile pass in 

 almost a straight line from the occiput to the 

 super-orbital ridge. 9th. The ears much smaller 

 in proportion than those of man. 10th. On a 

 direct view of the face the ears are on the same 

 parallel with the eyes. llth. Hugely-developed 

 canine teeth enabling it to match its great strength 

 with the lion. 12th. In the greater development 

 of the limbs. 13th. The arm and fore-arm pre- 

 serve a uniform thickness from shoulder to elbow, 

 and from elbow to wrist. 14th. The leg increases 

 in thickness from knee to ankle. 15th. There 

 is no calf. 



16th. The thumb only extends a little beyond 

 the base of the proximal phalanx of the fore- 

 finger, while in man it extends to or beyond the 

 middle of the first phalanx of the fore-finger. 

 17th. The fore-arm passes into the hand without 

 forming a wrist, and is fourteen inches in cir- 

 cumference, vice eight inches in a strong man. 



