TRANSMUTABLE. 165 



which is altogether opposed to the evident and 

 clear distinction between the two mental opera- 

 tions. 



Mr. Darwin gives a most interesting account 

 of his own observations upon the "slave-making 

 instinct" of ants, for which I must refer to the 

 book. His observations were principally confined 

 to two species, Formica sanguinea and rufescens. 

 The latter are entirely dependant on their slaves. 

 The former possess few slaves, and the masters 

 determine the migrations, and carry the slaves. 

 Mr. Darwin conceives that this may have origi- 

 nated in the habit of ants, not slave-makers, 

 carrying off the pupa3 of other species. If the 

 progeny of these pupse, not eateji, should turn 

 out useful, if it were more advantageous to 

 capture than to procreate species, then Mr. Darwin 

 thinks natural selection might turn the habit 

 of stealing pupse into that of slave-making. 

 When this habit became an instinct, then it 

 might be modified, so as to suit the case of 

 F. sanguinea in the one case, or that of F. 

 rufescens in the other extreme. 



As I do not believe in Mr. Darwin's theory, 

 I do not see the difficulty which, as he says, 

 this case of slave-making throws in his way. I 

 am content to believe that the economy of the 

 ant is fixed by the same unerring wisdom that 

 caused it to exist, and Mr. Darwin's explanation 

 of slave-making neither tells for or against the 

 view I hold. 



With regard to the cell-making of the bee, 



