82 



BUDS AND STIPULES 



In Genista tinctoria the stipules are subulate-tri- 

 angular, acute, short, and seated on the persistent and 

 elongated pedestal of the leaf. The winter-bud is also 

 protected by scales, consisting of reduced leaves, on 

 which the stipules are scarcely perceptible. In Genista 

 antardica and G. sagittalis the stipules are similar but 

 even more minute. In G. virgata the shoots die at the 

 tips, so that there are no ter- 

 minal buds. The pedestals are 

 densely lined with Lairs on the 

 inner surface. 



In the Whitebeam (Pyrus 

 Aria) (fig. 125) also the outer 

 scales are the base of the last 

 year's leaf-stalks. A similar 

 arrangement occurs in Clematis 

 crispa. 



Protection by pedestals oc- 

 curs in various other members 

 of the families Rosacece, Pom- 

 acew, Amygdalacecv, &c. It is 

 by no means confined to species with intrapetiolar buds. 

 In these cases the bud is protected by the leaf-stalk, 

 or the leaf-base of the leaf in the axil of which it is 

 situated. 



PROTECTION BY STIPULES 



We now come to cases in which buds are protected 

 by the stipules of the mother-leaf. This may be said 



FIG. 125. WHITEBEAM 

 (Pyrus Aria). WINTER-BUD. 

 p p, persistent base of fallen peti- 

 oles ; ab, axillary bud ; ss, se- 

 cond scale. 



