ON THE STRUCTURE OF BUDS 113 



When the tip of the scale dies in winter, it breaks 

 off during the bursting of the bud; and when the 

 whole of it dies, the growing leaves rupture it at its 

 insertion on the stem. 



The first normal leaf-blade (fig. 181) is ovate, flat- 

 tened on the posterior face against the axis, incurved 

 at the sides, covering two-thirds of the bud. Both 

 the dorsal and inner faces are silky ; the edges are 

 ciliate. 



The second leaf-blade (fig. 182) is very similar. 



The third is smaller, and covers about three-quarters 

 of the bud, but otherwise is similar. The fourth is 

 smaller, but covers about seven-eighths of the bud. 



The fifth (fig. 183) is lanceolate and very much 

 smaller, but otherwise similar to previous ones. The 

 sixth leaf covers the 'bud, with the exception of a small 

 slit at the base ; but the seventh overlaps at its edges, 

 completely enclosing the bud. The eighth leaf (fig. 1 84) 

 is very small and membranous. The ninth leaf is 

 membranous and almost glabrous ; while the tenth 

 (fig. 185) is lanceolate, acuminate, subtransparent, 

 glabrous, and minute. All these smaller leaves are 

 completely convolute, and they gradually open at the 

 edges as the younger members of the bud become bulky. 



The stipules are minute or undeveloped in the 

 winter-buds. The convolute vernation of the leaves, 

 and their silky, densely ciliate character amply protect 

 the younger members. The bursting of the winter- 



I 



