20 THE OKCHAED AND PRTJIT GAKDEN. 



The stock is cut off in a slanting direction ; the outer 

 bark is then cut through in a vertical line from the 

 centre of the highest point, the slit a little opened, and 

 the stoutest cut of the graft inserted, inner bark to 

 inner bark. The thinner strip of the graft is carried 

 over to the other side of the stock, and in like manner 

 inserted in a long vertical opening ; when the graft is 

 tied in the usual way. 



Side-grafting is sometimes useful to provide against 

 the falling off of old trees, to utilize a healthy trunk of 

 a poor bearing sort, or in case of scarcity of stocks. A 

 downward, slightly slanting cut is made on one side of 

 the stem of the tree. The graft is slit up, and each divi- 

 sion pared off to a thin edge, one side is inserted in the 

 cleft and the other bound outside. For side-grafting of 

 smaller shoots, cut a slice downwards on one side of the 

 stock, and remove this shave down with a horizontal cut. 

 shave off a bit of the stock, cut it straight at the 

 bottom to fit, and fit it and fasten it on. This grafting 

 may sometimes be found advantageous, as the head of 

 the stock being left on, draws up the sap. It is some- 

 times done by merely shaving off a strip from the stock, 

 and the same from the graft, adjusting and tying them, 

 and then placing the lower end of the graft in a vial of 

 water. 



Shoulder or chink-grafting is as the name describes it ; 

 both stock and graft are cut in a zigzag, which of course 

 offers more surface of alburnum to unite. The stock 

 and graft must agree in size. 



For root-grafting, or grafting on the root, sometimes 

 practised to utilize large scions, this zigzag cut is used. 

 Neither that nor peg-grafting (for which the graft is 

 cut in the form of a peg to fit into a receptacle made in 

 the stock) is much used for fruit trees. 



Inarching, a plan for making the graft take and grow 

 oefore it is severed from the parent tree, can only be 

 used with close neighbours or plants in pots. Where it 

 is practicable, it is excellent for all kinds that take 

 badly. Tie together the branches that will unite with- 

 out strain, and mark on both the spot which is best for 



