DISEASES AND INSECTS. 53 



and cherries, besides eating the leaves of these and of 

 peaches. The moth has bluish-grey upper wings, with 

 a spot on each something like a figure of 8. It is very 

 destructive, and should be destroyed whenever it is 

 possible. 



The codlin moth, Carpocapsa pomonella, is most 

 destructive to apples, the female depositing her eggs 

 singl} 7 ", one in the eye of each young apple, pushing the 

 ovipositor between the divisions of the calyx. Here the 

 egg hatches, the little grub eats its way into the fruit, 

 feeds first on the pulp, at last on the pips, the apple falls, 

 the grub creeps out in the night it is supposed and 

 crawls up the trunk of the tree, where, hidden away in 

 a crack of the bark, it makes a smooth kind of nest and 

 a little white silk case, and changes to the chrysalis. 

 When apples are picked up (the ground is covered 

 wherever these depredators exist), the hole must be 

 looked for, and if it is opened the insect has escaped, 

 most likely effectually, for when the apple is down, the 

 grub soon makes good its retreat : all worm-eaten fruit 

 that can be detected should be made safe earlier. 



The moth is, with closed wings, less than half an inch 

 long, in shades of brown beautifully variegated. The 

 grub is of a dirty-white colour, with a brown head, 

 having six feet in front and two behind. The codlin is 

 more subject to it than other apples, and it is difficult to 

 get rid of it, but much may be done by collecting the 

 apples, as tliey fall, and destroying the grubs, and by 

 searching for and destroying the chrysalises in the 

 crevices of the bark. Some naturalists call it Carpo- 

 capsa pomonella, the name above given, others Tinea 

 pomonella, Pyralis pomona, or Tortrioo pomoniana. 



The Curculio, a large family of weevils, are many of 

 them most destructive to fruit trees. C. pyri resembles 

 the apple weevil. The stem-boring weevil, C. alliarice, 

 is iridescent black, and bores the shoots and grafts of 

 young fruit trees in June and July. C. Bacchus lays its 

 eggs in the fruit of the apple in June and July C. 

 letuleti, the vine weevil, is a bright blue-black : it rolls 

 up the leaf of the vine as a nest for its eggs, and also 



