176 THE ORCHARD AND FRUIT GARDEN. 



put down any time between November and March, 

 and no tongue or slit need be made in it. Before 

 vines were raised from buds so much, nurserymen used 

 often to keep old vines in pots for the purpose of 

 making young plants. The shoots were layered round 

 them in pots about February, and would be saleable 

 plants by the autumn. If it be preferred, a growing 

 shoot, with a portion of the previous year's wood, 

 may be layered. 



Vines may be raised from cuttings, which should be 

 taken while in a state of rest. If they have two eyes 

 each, it will suffice, and they should be cut on a slant, 

 just below the lower bud. Plant them singly in small 

 pots of good mould, with the top bud just below the 

 surface. Give bottom heat, and shift the young plants 

 into larger pots as they require it, i. e., as those in use 

 fill with root. In the spring, place them in the stove, if 

 there be one at command, and remove them from there 

 to the green-house, allowing them plenty of air, to 

 prevent their running up weak. 



Speechly recommends using for cuttings two inches 

 of two years' old wood, and one bud or eye of the new, 

 planted in pots with the bud just level with the surface 

 of the mould. Thick shoots of three or four years' 

 old wood, of greater length, will root. They may be 

 put in at once against a wall, or they should be 

 planted in very deep pots, as nearly the whole length 

 must be buried. In all cases bottom heat facilitates 

 rooting. 



Vines raised from cuttings or eyes should be kept 

 tinder glass for their first year, and they will benefit 

 much from a judicious allowance of liquid manure 

 during the summer months. 



Inarching is the kind of grafting most practised on 

 vines. Common grafting is very seldom used. When 

 it is, the stock should be forward ; it may even have un- 

 folded some of its leaves. Whip-grafting is best ; the 

 graft should have two eyes, and it is a good plan to cover 

 the whole, even the buds of the scion, with moss, and to 

 keep the moss damp. 



