78 KEMPS ORE DEPOSITS. 



Lyon and Trigg Counties, known as the Cumberland River region. 

 Although the first two contain much limonite, it has altered from 

 nodules of carbonate, and the ores are therefore described under 

 Example 5. One locality near Owingsville, in the second region, 

 has limonites altered from the Clinton hematite. (See Example 

 6.) The Cumberland region affords limonites in the Subcarbonif- 

 erous. They are in rounded masses, either solid or hollow, and 

 are distributed through a red clay along with angular fragments of 

 chert. The limonite pots are themselves filled with clay or water. 1 



2.01.13. In Tennessee the limonites of the eastern portion come 

 mostly under Example 2a. In the west they are a southern ex- 

 tension of the pot-ore deposits of Kentucky, and show the same as- 

 sociated chert and clay. Safford has called the rocks containing 

 them the Siliceous Group. The west Tennessee district projects 

 into Alabama to a small extent. 2 



2.01.14. The principal limonite deposits of Alabama come under 

 Example 2a, as do those of western North Carolina and Georgia. 

 Some limonite is produced in Ohio, but it is all weathered carbon- 

 ate and is mentioned under Example 5. Limonites form an 

 abundant ore in the Marquette district of Michigan, but are men- 

 tioned with the vastly greater deposits of hematite under Example 

 9a. Deposits of brown hematite are worked in a small way in the 

 southeastern part of Missouri, where they rest upon Cambrian 

 strata and have a marked stalactitic character. (P. N. Moore, 

 Geol Survey of Missouri, Report for 1874; F. L. Nason, Mo. 

 Geol. Survey, 1 892, II., p. 158.) Limonites referred to the Cretaceous 

 by N. H. Winchell occur in western Minnesota. (Bull. VL, Minn. 

 Geol. Survey, p. 151.) (For Arkansas limonite, see Addenda.) 



2.01.15. In eastern Texas, along the latitude of the northern 

 boundary of Louisiana, extended beds of limonite are found cap- 

 ping the mesas or near their tops, and associated with glauconitic 

 sands oi Tertiary age. They are described by Penrose (First 

 Ann. Rep. Texas Geol. Survey, p. 66 ; also G. S. A., III. 44) as 

 (1) Brown laminated ores, (2) Nodular or geode ores, (3) Conglom- 

 erate ores. The first form extended beds whose firmness has 

 prevented the erosion of the hills, and which are thought to have 

 originated by the weathering of the pyrites in the greensands and 



1 W. B. Caldwell, " Report on the Limonite Ores of Trigg, Lyon, and 

 Caldwell Counties," Kentucky Geol. Survey, New Series, Vol. V., p. 251. 



2 W. M. Chauvenet, Tenth Census, Vol. XV., p. 357 ; T. H. Safford, 

 Geology of Tennessee, p. 350. 



