COPPER. 135 



j 



twenty miles long with three principal mining points. Of these 

 the middle one, containing the Ely mine, is the largest. Two 

 beds of ore occur, separated by from 10 to 20 feet of schists. The 

 lower averages about four feet, but fluctuates; the upper is still 

 more variable, and may reach 25 feet. They are both formed by 

 a succession of thin lenses. The ore is chalcopyrite, mingled with 

 pyrrhotite and quartz. At Ducktown, Tenn., which is in the ex- 

 treme southeast corner of the State, there are three ranges of ore 

 hills in a width of a mile. The outcrop is marked by great masses 

 of gossan, and below this, and along the contact with the sulphides, 

 was found the rich black ore which gave the early impetus to the 

 mines. When this was exhausted the sulphides alone remained. 

 They consist of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite, with considerable 

 quartz and country rock, less often calcite. (See Fig. 7, p. 39.) . 



2.04.03. Example IQa. Ore Knob, N. C. This is described by 

 Kerr as a true fissure vein, extending 2000 feet on the strike, which 

 is parallel to that of the gneiss, but cutting the dip in descent. 

 The width averaged about 10 feet. The gossan extended to a 

 depth of 50 feet, and furnished the usual body of rich ore at the 

 contact with the sulphides. It has not been operated for some 

 years. 1 



1 J. T. Bailey, " The Copper Deposits of Adams County, Pennsyl- 

 vania," Engineering and Mining Journal, Feb. 17, 1883, p. 88. H. Cred- 

 ner, "On Ducktown, Tenn.," B. und H. Zeit., 1867, p. 8. Engineering and 

 Mining Journal, Nov. 6, 1886, p. 327 (contains " The Elizabeth Copper Mines, 

 Vermont" ;) see also April, 1886. P. Fraser, "Some Copper Deposits of 

 Carroll County, Maryland," M. E., IX. 33; " Hypothesis of the Structure of 

 the Copper Belt of the South Mountain, Pennsylvania," M. E., XII. C. H. 

 Henderson, "Copper Deposits of the South Mountain, Pennsylvania," 

 M. E., XII. 85. C. H. Hitchcock, Geol. of N. H., Vol. III., Part III., p. 47. 

 H. M. Howe, "The Copper Mines of Vermont, " M. E., February, 1892. 

 T. S. Hunt, "Ore Knob and Some Related Deposits," M. E., II. 125. 

 Kleinschmidt (on Virginia, Tennessee, and North Carolina), Gangstudien, 

 Vol. III. , p. 256. (A good, short, but old account.) E. E. Olcott, " Ore Knob 

 Copper Mine and Reduction Works," M. E., III. 391. Rec. Richardson, 

 'Copper Ore of Stafford, Vt., Amer. Jour. Sci., I. 21, 383. Tripple and 

 Credner, "Report on the Ducktown Region to the American Bureau of 

 Mines," 1866. M. Tuomey, "A Brief Note of Some Facts Connected with 

 the Ducktown (Tenn.) Copper Mines," Amer. Jour. Sci., II. 19, 181. A. F. 

 Wendt, " The Pyrites Deposits of the Alleghanies," School of Mines Quar- 

 terly, Vol. VII., 1886 ; Engineering and Mining Journal, July 10 and fol- 

 lowing, 1886. Rec. H. A. Wheeler, "Copper Deposits of Vermont," 

 School of Mines Quarterly, Vol. IV., 219. Rec. 



