SILVER AND GOLD, CONTINUED. 221 



Lode and likewise having manganese minerals associated. The Blue- 

 bird is the principal mine. The manganif erous outcrop was a notable 

 feature in the landscape, and exhibited a broad, rusty-black belt, 

 not rich at the surface, but only showing the silver in depth. Like the 

 veins in the basic granite, these were also formed by replacement of 

 the rock along a shattered strip. Placer mines were early worked near 

 Butte and led to the location of the deep mines. They are still pro- 

 ductive and are again referred to under "Auriferous Gravels." 1 



2.10.10. Deer Lodge County. Placer deposits are numerous 

 along the Deer Lodge River, and auriferous quartz veins are 

 known, but the greatest mine is the Granite Mountain, a source 

 of very handsome returns. This is in the southern part of the 

 county, nea;* Phillipsburg, and is a fissure vein in granite, prin- 

 cipally with silver ores, although affording considerable gold. On 

 the same vein is the Bimetallic. Farther west sedimentary rocks 

 come in, much metamorphosed by contact with the later irrup- 

 tive granite. On the edge of the county, and not far from the 

 Drumlummon group of veins, later mentioned, are the veins of the 

 Bald Butte Company, in slates and intrusive diorite. A number 

 of other veins are in the same general region. 2 



2.10.11. Lewis and Clarke County. The placer mines, near 

 Helena (in Last Chance and Prickly Pear gulches), were the first 

 in the county to attract attention. They were found by the 

 prospectors, who spread through the Rocky Mountains as the Cali- 

 fornia gold diggings gave out. Since then many auriferous quartz 

 veins in granite and slates have been developed. Some twenty 



1 W. P. Blake, ''Silver Mining and Milling at Butte, Mont.." M. E., 

 XVI. 38. "Rainbow Lode, Butte, Mont.," M. E., XVI. 65. Rec. S. F. 

 Emmons, " Notes on the Geology of Butte, Mont.," M. E., XVI. 49. Rec. 

 Richard Pearce, "The Associations of Minerals in the Gagnon Vein, Butte 

 City," M. E., XVI. 62. E. D. Peters, Mineral Resources of U. S., 1883-84, 

 p. 374. E. G. Salisbury, " Placer Mining in Montana," Engineering and 

 Mining Journal, Sept. 3, 1887, p. 167. Rec. ''Silver Mines of Butte, 

 Mont.," Ibid., April 18, 1885, p. 261. Williams and Peters on Butte, Mont., 

 Engineering and Mining Journal, March 28, 1885, p. 208. 



2 H. M. Beadle, " The Condition of the Mining Industry in Montana 

 in 1892," Engineering and Mining Journal, Feb. 11, 1893, p. 123. G. W. 

 Goodale and W. A. Ackers, "Concentration, etc., with Notes on the Geol- 

 ogy of the Flint Creek Mining: District," M. #.,1890. Rec. "The Granite 

 Mountain Mine," Engineering and Mining Journal, Dec. 10, 1887 ; Nov. 

 23, 1889. E. G. Spilsbury, " Placer Mining in Montana," Ibid., Sept. 3, 

 1887, p. 167. 



