CHAPTER XIII. 



GOLD ELSEWHERE IN THE UNITED STATES AND IN CANADA. 



2.13.01. Example 45. Southern States. (1) Gold quartz 

 veins (segregated veins) in metamorphic slates, talcose schists, 

 etc., of late Archaean or early Paleozoic age, with numerous as- 

 sociated trap (diabase) dikes. (2) Beds of auriferous slates, gneiss, 

 feldspathic and hydromica schists, and even limestone. The 

 general geology of the southern Atlantic States has been outlined 

 in the introduction. Reference may again be made to the Coastal 

 Plain of Quaternary, Tertiary, and Mesozoic rocks, and to the 

 Archaean strip back of this. In the latter are found the gold de- 

 posits. At times they resemble the Western quartz veins, but they 

 are also extremely diverse in character, and involve almost every 

 sort of rock. Gold has even been found in a trap dike by Genth. 

 It is generally in pyrite, and the rock, where productive, is heavily 

 charged with this mineral. The trap dikes have also exerted an 

 important influence, and in some localities, as at the Haile mines, 

 South Carolina, the rock is rich only near them. They have 

 probably stimulated the ore-bearing solutions. The belt of aurif- 

 erous rocks begins in Maryland, although gold is known in the 

 States farther north. It runs with varying width into Alabama, 

 where it terminates. It reaches a maximum of 70 miles in North 

 Carolina. The country rock in these unglaciated regions is often 

 covered to a great depth by the residual clays and other products 

 of its alteration. These are as much as 100 feet in places. This 

 material is sometimes called laterite. Where the original rocks 

 have been auriferous it has furnished loose material for panning 

 and washing, which is essentially different from the Western 

 placers. It gradually works down hill, and has been called by 

 Kerr "frost drift." The ores of the Southern States are gen- 



