1839.1 



THE CIVIL l^NGINEER AND ARCHITECTS JOURNAL. 



375 



C'aniln'ulgu. 15imUViiv1. Bury Saint K/Iniunds. Slaiiitbrd. Lcincliiii. i<^(.'., nnny uf 

 the ancient and mudern buililings at f'ambridgc. also in tlu' mudern worl<s of 

 Pcterborougli and Kly catliedrals. also St. Dunstpn's churcli, Fleet-street, 

 London ; the rag beds are of a white tint, and the grains are cemented «ith 

 highly crystallized carbonate of lime, the crash is of a dark brown colour, 

 very coarse, fnll of shells, distinct ova. and very ferraginous. The ova in the 

 freestone b.-ds are slightly attached or cemented t^igether. consei|iientIy tlie 

 stone is very absorbent. Ketton rag weighs l.'io lbs. 10 oz. per cubic foot. 

 Th s and the neiglibonring ijiiarries. many of Hhich are out of work, are of 

 great antiquity. Moints 2 to 7 feet apart. Beils dip slightly ; Is 9d I'tr ft. at 

 tiuarry ; c. by land to Stamford, ,Sd per foot, thence to London, about '2()s tier 

 ton, ()"r if dehvered at M'ansfonl the carriage and freight would be about the 

 same cost, or 3s 4d per foot in London ; plain work 065. 



Shropsliire. 



STANLKV. — Higley, Shropshire ; saudslnnc ; siliceous grains, of moderate 

 size, with a e^i^lcareo-ferruginous cement : grinding red, 146 ll»s. biiildiu<; 

 grrij. Ill lbs. 7oz.; depth 6J feet ; ashlar or building stone 1 to .3 feet, grind- 

 ing or gun-barrel stone, upper bed 3 to 4 feet. lower bed 3i feet ; blocks 10 

 feet to 60 or 70 feet— Stourport bridge (1776), AVorcester and Bewdley bridges. 

 Gloucester bridge. Sic. ; in the neighbourhood is another quarry of sandstone. 

 Grains, moderate in size, of various siliceous substances, micaceous, cement, 

 argillo-siliceous, cidour greenish brown ; Is per ft. building stone, delivered 

 at Gloucester, — 2s 3d grinding stone, upper stratum, — 2s ditto lower stratimi, 

 at quarry ; c. by the Severn to (Jlouccster. 20s per ton. and thence by sea to 

 London, 13s. canal dues, isic. Is 2d. or Is 9d per foot building stone, under 3 

 tons, 3s lid grindhig stone, per foot in London ; plain work grinding 12, 

 building 85. 



SlaffbrdsAire. 



HOLLINGTOX.— HoUington. Stairordshire: .miidstmie ; cjuartz grauis of 

 moderate size with an argillo-siliceous cement, plates of mica; lig/if-broumish 

 grei/ ; 133 lbs. 1 oz. : depth 20 to 25 feet ; on ■ vein of inferior stone 4 to 6 feet 

 thick in the middle of the quarrv, thickest bed of good stone 8 feet ; blocks 

 30 to 40 feet scpiare and 8 feet thick— Trenth m Hall, Drayton Manor 

 Heathhouse, and various public and private buildings in .StatVordshire, 'Town 

 Hall Derby, Meer Hall Cheshire. (s;c. ; 7d /'erft. blocks 1 to 2 tons. Oil blocks 

 2 to 4 tons, Is 4 tons and upwards, at quarry ; c. by canal in boats 20 terns 

 burthen, by the Grand Juucticm and Trent and Mersey, total cost per foot 2s 

 6d ; jdain work 0-9. 



PARK QUARRY. — Ti.\all, Stadbrdsliire ; sandstone ; fine quartzose grains 

 with a calcarea-argillo-siliceous cement, plates of mica ; light grey ; 124 lbs. 

 9 oz. ; depth 10 to 15 feet ; thickest bed. fi to 8 feet ; bloclcs 15 feet or more 

 in length by 3 to 6 feet — Ruins id' a mmsion belonging to the late Lord Anson 

 Ti.xall, Triumphal arch, Ivud of Lilcblield. Ti.-iall-ball, &c.. .Saint (icorge's- 

 church Birmingham. SandwcU-hall near Birmingham. &,c. ; 8d />ir//. selected 

 stone at quarry ; c. by canal, 180 miles ; plain work 0.85. 



(South.) 



Devonshire. 



BEbjR. — Beer. Devonshire ; liinestone ; chieflv carbonate of lime, friable, 

 and with partial induratiim ; light tint nf thrown; 131 lbs. 12 oz. ; depth 10 

 feet 6 inches ; in 8 beds ; the uppermost 4 beds are the best, and are about 17 

 or 18 inches thick, the thickest bed 2 feet, or 2 feet 2 inches ; blocks 6 to 7 

 feet long, 3 feet wide, and 2 fei't thick — In the churches of the vicinity, Saint 

 Peter's church Exeter, in e-xposed parts, Colyfon church, Charmouth, parish 

 church in Dorsetshire, rebuilt 4 years since, and at Honiton within the last 

 2 years; c. from the miarrv to the beach, one mile and a (juarter, and thence 

 by sea to the Pool of LonJon in 50 or 60 ton vessels ; plain work 0'55. 



DorseMire. 



PORTLAND (TRADE QUARRY).— Island of Portland. Dorsetshire; 

 indite; oolitic carbonate of lime, with a few fragments of shells; whitish 

 hrnwn : depth about 9 feet of freestone ; level bedded as follows : rubbish 

 head, dirt bed 1 foot thick, top cap, 3J to 5J feet, skull cap, 2 to 3 feet, roach 

 4 feet, tup bed 7 feet, flint bed 6 inches, lower or bottom bed 2 feet ; blocks 

 of any practicable size — Various public buildings in London ; Is 4Jd per ft. at 

 quarry ; e.by sea to the Pool of London, including lighterage to M'estmiii.ster. 

 14s per ton, or 2s 3d per foot in London ; plain work 10. 



PORTLAND (Ki.sG B.vrrow E.^st E.\n Quarry, adjoining Waycrokt). — 

 Island of Portland, Dorsetshire ; ooUte : oolitic carbonate of lime, villi a fe» 

 Jragments of shells ; wliitisli hrnnni ; deplli 7 feet of freestone ; the beds are 

 as follow — heail of quarry 15 leet. dirt bed 1 loot, skull cap 1 to 2 feet (i imlies, 

 roach 2 feet 6 inches, freestone and good weather bed 7 feet ; rubbish at bot- 

 tom of quarry ; blocks 'Of any practicable size — Various public buildings in 

 London ; Is 4id perj't. [at quarry ; by sea to the Pool of London, including 

 lighterage to Westminster, 14s per ton, or 2s .3d per foot in London ; plain 

 work 10. 



PORTLAND (V^KRx Street QeARRv).-wlsland nf Portland, Dorselshire ; 

 oolite ; oolitic carbonate of lime, with a few fragments of shells ; whitish brown; 

 top bed 134 lbs. 10 oz. ; depth 8| feet of freestone ; the beds are as follow — 

 loose head 15 feet, dirt bed 1 foot, top cap 6 feet, skull cap 11 to 2^ feet, 

 roach 2 feet 6 inches, top bed 8 feet 6 inches, called Birdseye stone ; rubbish 

 at bottom of quarry ; blocks of ;uiy practicable size — Various public Ijuildings 

 in London ; Is 41d perfl. at quarry ; by sea to the Pool of London, including 

 lighterage to Westminster, 14s per ton, or 2s 3d per foot in London ; plain 

 work 1 U. 



PORTLAND (C'asti.es Quarrvj.— Island of Portland, Dorset.shirc ; oolite; 

 oolitic carbonate of lime, with a few fragments of sliells ; whitish brown ; 

 depth 'JJ feet of freestone ; the beds arc as follow— 17 feet of head, 12 inches 



|iirt bed, 6 feet cap, U feet skull cap. 18 feet v, orkable freestone, containing 

 4 feet of roach. 3 feet of good oolite, free from she'ls, 3 feet of roach and 

 flint, and Hi feet of inferior oolite, fine grained, «ith cementing matter in a 

 state of powder ; blocks of any (iracticahle size ; various public buildings in 

 London; Is 41d per ft. -.it quarry; by sea to the Pool of Loudon, including 

 lighterage to M'eslminster, 14s per ton, or 2s 3d per foot, in Ltjndon ; plain 

 work UO. 



PORTLAND (Waycroft Quarrii:s).— Island of Portland, Dorsetshire; 

 ooWe; oolitic carbonate of hme, with disseminated fragments of shells; 

 whitish brown ; top bed 135 lbs. 8 oz. ; depth about 13 feet of freestone; level 

 bedded as follows — rubbish head 8 feet, dirt bed 1 toot, top cap 31 to 5^ leet, 

 skull cap 2 to 3 feet, roach 2i to 4 feet, top bed 7 to 8 feet, rubbish beds 6 lu 

 7 feet, roach 1 to 3 feet, and bottom bed 5J to (ii feet ; blocks of any practi- 

 cable size — Goldsniith's-hall, Reform Club-house, and other public buildings 

 in London ; Is 4J<1 per ft. ;it quarry ; by sea to the Pool of London. i2s per 

 ton. heaving out of the .ships Is per ton, lighterage to Westminster, Is per 

 ton, or 2s 3d per foot in London ; plain work 10. 



PORTLAND (MAfiGorr Quarry) )— Island of Portland, Dorsetshire ; oolite ; 

 oolitic carbonate of lime, with fragments of shells ; whitish brown ; depth l.")^ 

 feet of freestone ; quarry head of rubbish 8 feet, dirt bed 1 foot, cap 6 feet or 

 7 feet 6 inches, skull cap U to 2J feet, roach 2 feet 6 inches, top bed 8 feet 

 G inches, loose hmestone and flint 7 feet, bottom bed supposed to be 7 feet 

 thick; blocks of any pr.iclicable size — Several public buildings in London; 

 Is 4Jd per ft. at quarry ; by sea to the Pool of London, and including lighter- 

 age to M'estminster, 'l4s per ton, or 2s 3d per foot, in London ; i)laiu work 

 10. 



PORTLAND (Gosi.i.N'os Qiarry) — Island of Porland, Dorsetshire ; oolite; 

 oolitic carbonate of lime, with fragments of shells ; whitish brown ; roach 126 

 lbs. 13 oz. ; depth 8 feet of freestone ; quarry head of rubbish 8 feet, dirt bed 

 1 foot, top cap 6 feet, skull cap 1 foot 6 inches to 2 feet 3 inches, roach 4 

 feet, top bed 8 feet, rubbish bed with layers of flints, bottom bed very soil, 

 not worked ; blocks of any practicable size — Several public buildings in Lon- 

 don ; Is 4^d per ft. at quarry ; by sea to the Pool of London, and including 

 lighterage to Westminster, 14s per ton, or 2s 3d per foot in London ; plain 

 work 10. 



PORTLAND (Grove Quarry, Bowers).— Island of Portland, Dorsetshire ; 

 oolite : oolitic carbonate of lime, with numerous fragmcnis of shells ; whitish 

 brown : best or lower Ijed 147 lbs. 10 oz.. ciirf 145 lbs. 9 oz. ; depth 6 feet of 

 freestone ; top or workable bed very close and compact, 9 feet thick, having 

 a bed of roach on the top of it 3 feet thick, 25 feet of head to this quarry, 

 containing the same beds as in the other quarries, the cap and skull cap 

 being 10 feet thick ; blocks of any pricticable size — St. Paul's cathedral ana 

 several churches in London, built during the reign of queen Anne ; Is 4iil per 

 ft. at quarry ; by sea to the Pool of London, and including lighterage to 

 M'estminster, 14s per ton, or 2s 3d per foot in London ; plain work PI. 



PORTLAND (Grove Quarry, Red-Croft). — Island of Portland, Dorsel- 

 shire ; oolite ; oolitic carbonate of lime, with a few fragments of shells ; whitish 

 brown ; depth 16^ feet of freestone ; the l)eds are as follow — rubbish forming 

 head 7 or 8 feet, dirt bed 1 foot, roach 1 foot 6 inches, top bed 4 feet, middle 

 or curf bed, 5 feet 6 inches, bottom bed 7 feet ; blocks of any practicable size — 

 St. Paul's cathedral and many churches in London, built during the reign of 

 queen Anne ; Is 4id per ft. at quarry ; by sea to the Pool of London, and in- 

 cluding lighterage to Westminster, 14s per ton, or 2s 3d per foot in London ; 

 plain work TO. 



The following remarks refer to the nine last quarries : — The dirt bed is full 

 of fossil roots, trunks, ami branches of trees ; often in the position of their 

 former growth. The top cap is a white, hard, and closely compacted lime- 

 stone. The skull cap is irregular in texture ; it is a well-compacted lime- 

 stone, containing eherty nodules. The roach beds are always incorporated 

 » ith the freest ne beds that invariably lie below them ; they are full of cavi- 

 ties formed by the moulds of shells, and occasionally contain oyster shells 

 and bells of llint near the top. The top bed is the best stone ; it is a fine- 

 grained oolite, free from shells and hard veins. The bottom bed is similar in 

 appeamnce to the top bed. and of the same component parts ; but the stone 

 ill cemented, and will not stand the weather. A middle or curf bed occurs 

 only in the southernmost of the quarries, on the east cliff; it is soft to the 

 north and hard to the south. Messrs. .Stewards have several oiher ipiarries, 

 both on the east as well as the west cliff, where the stratification is similar to 

 that of the M'ay-croft quarry, but with variations in the thickness of the 

 beds and slight deviations in the quality of the stone. Messrs. Weston have 

 also several other quarries, both on the North-east and West C'litts, where 

 the .slratifleation is similar and th stone more or less like that of the trade 

 quarry. There arc also numerous other qu;iiTies on the iskmd, worked by 

 various persons, where the stratification and stone accord generally with those 

 of Messrs. Stewards' and Messi's. Weston's. The good workable stone in the 

 East Clirt' quarries is generally less in depth than it is met with in the same 

 bed in the West Clill quarries ; but the East Cliff stone is harder, more espe- 

 cially to the south of tlie island. The bottom part of the top bed in the West 

 Clifl quarries becomes less hard and durable towards the south. The stone in 

 most of the quarries, and sometimes in the same quiirrj-, varies considerably in 

 quality. Such stone as contains flints, or is met with below layers of Hints, 

 is inferior, and w ill not stand the weather. The bottom beil on the West tlifl' 

 is not a durable stone, but has been worked to a considerable extent and sold 

 as a good stone in the jAiiulon market. In every freestone bed the upper 

 part of the bed is the hardest and most durable stone. The best stone is in 

 the north-eastern part of the island, the worst in the south-western part. 

 The most durable stone has its cementing matter in a solid and halt crystal- 

 line state ; in the leiist durable stone it is in an earthy and po'.vderj' state. 

 The annual consumption of the whole of the quarries in ihe island is ei|ual to 

 an area of one acre of the good workable stone, or about 24,000 t us ; the en- 

 tire area imworked is about 2,000 acres. There are 56 quarries in the island, 



2 G 



