1830.] 



THE CiyiL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 



381 



ployed on the east side, is altngetlief iu a bad condition. Sonic of (lie pin- 

 nacles are of Onlton sandstone, and are in had condition. Tlie hnilding is 

 partly covered with lichens. St. Mary's chnrch (Hth century), now in course 

 of restoration, of niagncsian limestone and oolite, supposed to he from Brani- 

 hani Moor and Newholil respectively. The ancient parts are in a very 

 crnnihling state, even to llic obliteration of many of tlie mouldings and en- 

 richments. 



Bolsover caslle, Derliysliiie. — (Temp. 1629.) Mostly in ruins; of niagnc- 

 sian limestone of several varieties, and of a calcareous line-grained sandstone. 

 The dressings, wdiich are generally of sandstone, are uuich decomposed ; in 

 some instances to the entire obliteration of the mouldings and other decora- 

 tions, and to the destruction of the form of the columns, rustications, ivc. 

 Most of the string courses, a jjortion of the window dressings, and the ashlar, 

 which are of magnesian limestone, arc generally in excellent condition. 



liolsnver ckurcfi, Der/ti/.s/iire. — (lotli century.) Of a magncsio-calciferous 

 sandstone, more or less in a decomjjosed state throughout. 



C/ippxlow castle, Monmouthshire. — (11th and 12th centuries, with additions 

 of the 14th century.) Of numntain limestone and old red sandstone. The 

 former in good condition ; tlic latter decomposed. Dressings of door, win- 

 dow, archway, and (pioins arc for the most part of magnesiaji limestone, antl 

 in perfect condition. The rcmaimlcr is of red sandstone, and is generally 

 much decomposed. Chapel (of the 12th century); — mouldings and carvings 

 of window)!, t!vc., which are of magnesian limestone, in perfect condition. 



Doucastrr (old) church. — (Ijth century.) Of an inferior m.agncsian lime- 

 stone, generally much decomposed, more especially in the tower and on the 

 south and west sides ; now under general and extensive repair. 



llemiiujbonnttjh church, Yor/tsti/re. — ( 1 5th century. ) Of a \\ hite crystalline 

 magnesian limestone. The entire building is in a perfect state, cvcei the spire, 

 where no traces of decay are apparent. 



Jlowdcn church, Yorkshire. — (15th century.) Partly of magnesian lime- 

 stone, of a deep yellow colour, and partly of a coarse siliceous grit, of a fer- 

 ruginous colour. Dressing-; and enrichments, and the central tower, are of 

 tlie former stone, generally decomposed ; particularly a*j the to[) of the tower. 

 The other parts of the edifice built of the grit are very much decomposed. 



HmMlcstoue-hull, Yurkshirc. — (15th century.) — Of senii-crystalline magne- 

 sian limestone from the neighbouring quarry. In excellent condition, even to 

 the entire preservation of the mouldings of the chapel window in the south- 

 west front. The outer gate jiicrs in the fence wall, also of magnesian lime- 

 stone, very uiiich decomposed. 



KnaresljoroHijh castle, Yurkshirc. — (12tli century.) Jlagncsian limestone, 

 carious in part ; generally in very good condition, except on the south and 

 sonth-west portions of the circular turrets, where the surface is much decom- 

 posed. The mouldings generally are in a perfect state. The joints of the 

 masonry, which is executed v ith the greatest care, are remarkably close. Tlic 

 stone of the keep, which is of a deep brown colour, and mucli resembles 

 sandstone, is in good condition, especially on the south-west side. 



Konim/sborovgh castle, Yorkshire. — (Norman.) Coarse-grained and semi- 

 crystalline magnesian limestone from the hill eastward of the castle ; in per- 

 fect condition. The masonry is executed with great care, the joints very 

 close, but the mortar within them has disappeared. 



Ripoii. — Cathedral. — Lower part, east end, S. E. angle, (Norman), of coarse 

 sandstone from the vicinity ; in gooil condition. The west front, the transepts, 

 and tower, (of the 12th and 13th centuries,) of coarse sandstone of the vici- 

 nity, in fair condition. The mouldings, although generally decomposed, are 

 not etVaceri. The dogs-teeth ornament in most parts nearly perfect. The 

 aisles of the iia\"e, the cleristory, and the choir, (of the 11th and 15th cen- 

 turies,) of coarse sandstone and magnesian limestone intermixed, not in good 

 condition. The latter stone on the south side often in fair condition. The 

 lower pai'ts of the liuilding generally, particidarly the west fronts, which are 

 of coaise sandstone, are much decomposed. An oticlisk in the iiiarket-ptacc 

 (1781 ), of coarse sandstone, is much decomposed, and in laminations parallel 

 to the exposed faces. 



Eobin Hood's teell, Yorkshire. — (ITIO.) A rusticated building, of magne- 

 sian limestone, in perfect condition. 



Roche abbey, Yorkshire. — (12th centm-y.) Inconsiderable remains; of 

 senii-crystallinc magnesian limestone from the neighbouring quarry, generally 

 in fair condition ; the mouldings and decorated portions are perfect. Gate 

 house (of 12th centiuT), generally decomposed, with the exception of the 

 dressings and mouldings, which are perfect. 



Selby church, Yorkshire. — (Nave and lower part of the tower of the lltli 

 centnry; the west front and aisles of the 12tji century ; and the clnjir, with 

 its aisles, of the Ulh century.) The Norman portion of the iHiililing, which 

 is of grey magnesian limestone, is in excellent condition, particularly the lower 

 jiart. The early English portions of tlie building are also of magnesian lime- 

 stone, and in a partially decomposed state. The later portions of the IjuiliUug, 

 which arc too of magnesian Umestone, are much dcomposeil aud lilackcncd. 



Southwell church, Xotlimjhamshire. — (Of the 10th century.) Of magnc- 

 fi;iii limestone similar to t at of liolsover Moor, in perfect condition. The 

 mouldings and cnrichnieuls of the dooTway ap|icar as perfect as if just com- 

 pleted. The choir, which is of the 12th century, and bttilt of a Stone siiuilar 



to that of MautiiielU, iii generally iu good condition, 



Sjjofforth castle, Yorkshire, — (I-ltli century.) Of coarse red sandstone, 

 generally much decomposed. The dressings of the windows and doors, of a 

 semi-erystalUne magnesian limestone, are in a perfect state, the mouldingi 

 and enrichments lieing exciuisitcly sharp and beautiful. 



Studley park, Yorkshire. — Uainiueting house, about 100 years old, of yel- 

 lowish magnesian limestone, in perfect condition. 



Thorpe .irch Villaije. — The houses generally of this village arc built of 

 magnesian limestone from the vicinity ; they are iu excellent condition, and 

 of a very pleasing colour. 



Thorpe Salrin, vcar JVorksop. — ^lanor-house (15ili century), in ruins ; of a 

 siliciferous magnesian limestone and a sandstone ; in unequal condition ; the 

 quoins and dressings are generally in a perfect state. Parish church )15th 

 century), also of siliciferous variety of magnesian limestone and a sandstone ; 

 in unequal Ijut generally fair condition. A Norman doorway under the porch 

 is well preserved. 



Tickhall church, Yorkshire.- — (15th century.) Of magnesian limestone, in 

 excellent condition. The lower part of the tower (of the 12th century) also 

 in fair conihtion. 



York. — Ancient builrhugs. — Cathedral (transepts 13th centnry ; tower, 

 nave, &e., 14th century); — of magnesian limestone from Jackdaw Craig. 

 West end and towers restored 30 years since ; they are in fair condition gene- 

 r.iUy, but some of the enriched gables and other decorations are obliterated. 

 The transepts are iu many places much decomposed, especially in the mould- 

 ings and enrichments. The central tower is generally iu good condition, but 

 several of the enriched parts are decomposed. St. Mary's abbey (12th cen- 

 tury) : — of magnesian limestone. West front of the church generally much 

 decomposed ; the north flank in better condition, but in parts much decom- 

 posed. The gateway, which is of Norman origin, is iu fair condition. Ronia:i 

 Mullamjular tou'cr : — built of small stones; such as are of m.ignesian lime- 

 stone arc in good condition. St. Denis's church : — Norman doorway, of 

 magnesian limestone ; south aspect highly enriched with zig-zag and oilier 

 ornaments ; the columns are gone ; the parts which remain are in good con- 

 dition. St. Margaret's church (15th century); — of magnesian limestone; 

 east front much exposed, and in good condition. The porch is of Norman 

 date, and has been reconstructed ; four bands of enrichment in the head in 

 tolcralily fair condition, but many stones, particularly those of a deep yellow 

 brown colour, are much decomposed. The other churches of York {which 

 are of the 14tli and 15tli centuries) are built of magnesian limestone, am! ,ire 

 generally in an extremely decomposed state, in many instances all architec- 

 tural detail is obliterated. 



Modern huililings. — The museum : — of Ilackness sandstone, built nine years 

 since, much decomposed wherever it is subject to the alternation of wet and 

 dry, as at the bottom of the colunins of the portico, plinth, &c. The castle 

 (recently erected) : — the plinth of the boundary wall (which is of Bramley 

 Fall sandstone) alrca^ly exhibits traces of decomposition. York Saviuys J^ank : 

 — llnddersfield stone (?), in good condition. 



JJ'orksop church. — (Principally of the 13th century.) Of a siliciferous 

 variety of magnesian hmestoiie, and of a sandstone ; in very unequal condi- 

 tion ; some parts are very much decomposed while others are in a perfect 

 state. 



(Signed) Ch.vrles Barry. 



U. T. Db la Bechh. 

 M'lLLiAM Smith. 

 Charles H. Smith. 



Description of the galvanic Telegraph at the Great Western 

 Railway. — The space occupied by the case containing the machinery (which 

 simply stands upon a table, and can he removed at pleasure to any part of 

 the room), is little more than that required for a gentleman's hat-Iiov. The 

 telegraph is worked by merely pressing small brass keys (similar to tliose on 

 a keyed bugle), which, acting, by means of galvanic power, upon various 

 hands placed upon a dial-pkite at the other end of the telegraphic line, as 

 far as now opened, point not only to each letter of the alphabet, as each key 

 maybe struck or pressed, but the miuicricals arc indicated by the same 

 means, as well as the various points, from a comma to a colon, with notes of 

 admiration and interjection. There is likewise a cross (X) upon the dial, 

 which indicates tluit when tliis key is slruck, a mistake has been made in 

 some part of the sentence telegraphed, auiV that an " erasure " is intended. 

 .\ question — such, for instance, as the following, " IIow many passengers 

 started from Djayton by the 10 o'clock train ? " — and the answer, could be 

 transmitted from tlie (ermintis to Drayton and back in less tliau two minutes. 

 This was proved on Saturday. This mode of comnumication is only com- 

 pleted as far as the West Drayton station, which is about 13.V miles from 

 I'addinglon. There ate wires (as may be iningiiicd) connnuuicating with each 

 end, thus far coiujilcled, passing through a hollow iron tube, not more than 

 an inch and a half in iliameter, which is fixed about six inches above the 

 ground, running parallel with the railway, and about two or three feet distant 

 from it. It is the intention of the Great Western K.iilway Company to carry 

 the tube along the line as fast as completion of the r;iils tidies [ilace, and ul- 

 timately throughout the whole distance to Bristol. The machinery and the 

 mode of working it are so exceedingly simple that a child w ho couhl read 

 would, after an hour or two's instruction, be enabled efficiently to transmit 

 and receive information,— Cisc/'fcr. 



