17 



products were collected, many of them were found early in the autumn of 

 1917 or later in the season in smaller lots. 



Wheat and Rye Mixtures. — While only seven samples of these 

 mixtures were collected, information is available which tends to show that 

 their sale is increasing. They are usually offered as substitutes for straight 

 wheat by-products, and if of good quality they should prove fully as satis- 

 factory. 



Dairy Feeds (mixed rations) are feeding stuffs prepared by manufacturers 

 from a number of ingredients, and are intended as complete grain rations 

 for dairy stock. Most of them will prove satisfactory for the purpose, although 

 some contain too much fiber. It is believed that such mixtures should not 

 contain over 10 per cent, of fiber and that preference should be given to those 

 not containing over this amount. In normal times, with a variety of feeding 

 stuffs from which to choose, dairymen can usually mix a ration which will 

 be more economical than the prepared products. 



Molasses Feeds (containing over 15 per cent, protein), as a rule, contain 

 one or more low-grade materials mixed with standard feeding stuffs and 

 either cane or beet molasses. The principal low-grade materials used are 

 as follows: — 



Clipped oat by-product, which is obtained in the manufacture of clipped 

 oats, consists of the light chaffy material broken from the ends of the hulls, 

 empty hulls, light, immature oats and dust. 



Oat feed represents the oat residue obtained from the manufacture of cereal 

 breakfast food from oats. 



Grain screenings consist of the smaller, imperfect grains, weed seeds and 

 other foreign material separated in cleaning grain. It may or may not have 

 considerable feeding value, depending upon the proportion of imperfect 

 grain, chaff, and bitter, unpalatable weed seeds. It is best fed to sheep. 



Humus, used by the Economic Feed Company, is, according to Webster's 

 dictionary, "a brown or black material formed by the partial decomposition 

 of vegetable or animal matter; the organic portion of soil." If this is what 

 is meant, it probably has no feed value and cannot be considered as anything 

 but an absorbent or adulterant. 



Cocoa shells are the dry shells of the cocoa bean obtained from chocolate 

 factories. While having about one-half the feeding value of corn meal, they 

 are unpalatable and must be ground and mixed with other material before 

 being eaten readily by animals. (See Bulletin No. 158 of this station.) 



Purina Dairy Feed did not contain any of the above ingredients but 

 consisted of grain by-products, molasses and ground alfalfa hay. 



