ZONES AND REGIONS OF THfe ABDOMEN. 



35 



the spine. The duodenum or uppermost portion of the 

 small intestines surrounds the head of the pancreas. The 



Fig. 5. 



ZONES AND REGIONS IN THE ABDOMEN OF THE HORSE. 



ef, Ji g, Left side of anterior zone ; g h, b a, left side of middle zone ; a &, k i, left side 

 of the posterior zone ; a &, a vertical line drawn through the anterior superior spin- 

 ous process of the os ilium ; c d, a line passing through the same process at right 

 angles to a b ; e /, and g h, lines parallel to a b ; g h, passing through the lower 

 extremity of the .eighth rib ; / 1, epigastric region of the left side ; e I, left hypo- 

 chondriac region ; h m, umbilical region on left side ; g m, left lumbar region ; 

 6 n, hypogastric region on left side ; a n, iliac region of left side. 



ilium, the third and longest portion of the small intestines, 

 occupies chiefly the umbilical region. 



When the inferior wall of the abdomen is cut open by a 

 crucial incision, the large intestines are first presented to view. 

 About the middle of the cavity, the apex of the caecum or 



