60 PHYSIOLOGY AT THE FARM. 



ligament connects the middle lobe with the diaphragm ; and 

 the name coronary ligament is given to a ligament lying 

 above the suspensory in the same line of direction. Between 

 the laminae of the suspensory ligament the remains of the 

 umbilical cord, changed into a ligament, pass from the navel 

 to the right lobe. The liver in the horse has properly but 

 two lobes, or it is less distinctly divided than the liver in man. 

 In the horse there is no gall-bladder, but in lieu of it there is 

 a large dilatation of the hepatic duct at its origin. 



The liver is covered, with very slight exceptions, by the peri- 

 toneum reflected upon it from the abdominal cavity, under the 

 form of the ligaments just enumerated. Beneath the serous 

 coat there is a fibrous coat which becomes continuous with 

 the capsule, which, under the name of the capsule of Glisson, 

 runs throughout the substance of the liver to connect the 

 several parts of its structure together. The substance is of a 

 brown colour and mottled aspect, compact, but not very firm. 

 When this substance is torn, the broken surface is not smooth, 

 but minutely granular, owing to its being composed of a mul- 

 titude of small masses termed lobules. These are closely 

 packed, about the size of a pin's head, and held together either 

 by a fine areolar tissue, or merely by the blood-vessels and 

 ducts. The relation of these lobules to the blood-vessels of 

 the liver is very remarkable. There are, it will be remem- 

 bered, three kinds of blood-vessels in the liver namely, the 

 ramifications of the portal vein, which is a trunk formed from 

 the veins of the stomach, spleen, pancreas, and intestines ; the 

 ramifications of the hepatic artery derived from the coeliac 

 axis of the posterior aorta ; and the ramifications of the hepatic 

 vein or veins (for there are usually two or three trunks), which 

 end behind the liver in the great hollow vein (vena cava) of 

 the abdomen. The ramifications of the last-mentioned vessels, 

 the hepatic veins, follow a course in the liver different from 



