BASE OF STOMACH IN THE PIG. 165 



The fundus or base of the stomach contracts to an obtuse 

 point, and, turning upwards and backwards, it becomes conti- 

 guous to the dorsal aspect of the organ ; it extends sufficiently 

 to the right to pass the middle of the organ, and even to cross 

 the insertion of the gullet. Everywhere in its course this re- 

 flected portion of the stomach is tightly fixed against the pos- 

 terior aspect of the organ. The anterior border of the organ is 

 convex, and divided into two prominences by two grooves, the 

 one on the right, the other on the left, between which the 

 gullet is seen nearly in the middle. Of these two prominences, 

 that which is towards the right is nothing else than the last 

 division of the stomach, or that which ends in the pyloric 

 orifice. In the rest of its extent the stomach is nearly of uni- 

 form diameter, yet the pyloric portion is somewhat larger 

 than the cardiac portion. The cowl-like appendix which ter- 

 minates the cardiac cul de sac has its cavity distinct from the 

 rest of the stomach, by a broad circular fold extending over 

 three-fourths of the circumference of its commencement, while 

 its walls are thicker than those of the principal part of the 

 cardiac cul de sac. The left prominence receives the gullet, 

 and the epithelium of that tube is continued to the right and 

 to the left throughout a small extent of the cavity, and ter- 

 minates towards its posterior extremity and on the dorsal 

 aspect of the stomach, by a transverse row of strong nipple- 

 shaped projections, which insensibly diminish from left to right 

 until they entirely disappear. The cul de sac is simple, and is 

 invested on its dorsal aspect with a membrane which is whiter 

 and drier than in the rest of the stomach. On the anterior 

 aspect this membrane forms well-marked wrinkles. At the 

 pyloric orifice there is observed a strong prominence, flattened 

 on the sides and elongated, becoming detached at the upper 

 part of the circumference of the pylorus, and stopping up 

 exactly that orifice. The inner membrane of the cowl-like 



