KIDNEY-BEAN YELLOW LUPINE. 373 



Brought forward, . 53.4 



Oxide of iron, . . . . 1.6 



Chloride of sodium, . . . 6.0 



Phosphoric acid, . . .39.0 



100.0 

 Straw not analysed. 



Cicer arietinum, Common Chick Pea. It grows naturally 

 in the south of Europe, and is cultivated there for the same 

 purposes as the lentil. It is called arietinum because the young 

 seed bears a very curious resemblance to a ram's head. It con- 

 tains oxalic acid. 



Phaseolus mdgaris, Common Kidney-bean. Under the 

 name of kidney-bean are included not only the numerous vari- 

 eties of the Phaseolus vulgaris, but also those of the scarlet- 

 runner, Phaseolus multiflorus. As our climate is hardly suffi- 

 cient for the extensive production of the ripe beans for which 

 such plants are cultivated in France and Italy, it is the imma- 

 ture legumes that are gathered for use in this country. 



Lupinus luteuSy Yellow Lupine. Lupinus albus is sup- 

 posed to be the species which was cultivated as a forage plant 

 by the Romans. It is the Lupinus luteus that is grown at 

 present for this purpose, and in the south of Italy even for 

 human food. In the south of France the same species is grown 

 in poor dry extensive plains as a meliorating crop, to be 

 ploughed in where no manure is to be had, and the ground is 

 too sterile for clover or other better plants. 



The yellow lupine is now extensively cultivated as a field 

 crop in several parts of Germany, France, and Belgium, more 

 especially in the sandy districts of northern Germany and 

 Prussia, where it is held to be a most valuable crop to the 

 farmer, because it thrives freely on poor blowing sands, on 

 which no other leguminous crop can be grown. In some dis- 

 tricts the blue lupine is grown for the same uses, but the yel- 



