584 GLOSSAKY. ALBUMINOID ANALOGOUS. 



ALBUMINOID. Applied to the proximate principles of organised 

 nature capable of developing or repairing the living frame, 

 called also proteine principles and flesh-formers viz., albumen, 

 fibrine, caseine, leguiniue the equivalent of proteine being 

 C 36 H 27 N 4 O 12 . 



ALCOHOL is the proximate principle common to such domestic spirits 

 as brandy, rum, hollands, whisky. When free from water it is 

 termed absolute alcohol, its density being 0.795 ; with 16 per cent 

 of water it is called rectified spirit, the density being 0.838 ; 

 when diluted so as to have the density 0.920 it is called spirit of 

 wine. The chemical name of absolute alcohol is hydrate of oxide of 

 ethyl, C 4 H 6 O 2 . The term alcohol is also extended to a series of 

 analogous bodies which are hydrated oxides of hydro-carbon. 



ALG.E. The seaweed order in botany, consisting of cellular plants 

 found in the sea, in rivers, lakes, marshes, and hot springs all over 

 the world. 



ALKALIES. A group of chemical substances soluble in water, forming 

 soaps with oils and with resins, and giving a brown colour to yellow 

 vegetable colours. Potassa, soda, and lithia are oxides of the 

 simple metallic bodies, potassium, sodium, lithium ; ammonia, the 

 volatile alkali, consists of hydrogen and nitrogen, NH 3 . 



ALVEOLI. The sockets of the teeth. 



AMMONIA. See Alkalies. 



AMNION. The lining membrane of the ovum in which the fcetus of 

 mammals is contained hence liquor amnii, the fluid which sur- 

 rounds the foetus in gestation. 



AMNIOS. The fluid or semi-fluid matter in the embryo sac of seeds in 

 vegetable physiology. 



AMORPHOUS. Without definite form. 



AMPHIBIA. A word signifying animals capable of living in air or in 

 water. It was made by Linnaeus his third class, including reptiles, 

 serpents, and cartilaginous fishes. Of late the term has become 

 ambiguous : it is at present most commonly applied to the frog tribe, 

 batrachia, and the perenni-branchiata or siren group, the latter 

 being the only true amphibious group ; but it is heard applied also 

 to mammals that can remain long under water, as the seal and the 

 morse, in which last sense it is used by Cuvier. 



AMYLACEOUS. Starchy. 



ANALOGOUS, ANALOGUE. Employed in physiology in contrast with 

 homologous. Analogous is applied to two parts in functional cor- 

 respondence ; homologous to two parts in structural correspondence. 

 The wing of a bat or of a bird is homologous with the arm of 

 a man, but not analogous to it ; the gills of a fish are analogous to 

 the lungs of a man, but not homologous with them. The wing of 

 a bat is the homologue of the arm of a man ; the gill of a fish is 

 the analogue, but not the homologue, of the lung of a man. 



