GLOSSARY. PAUNCH PHOSPHORUS. 605 



Mctophagus ovinus attacks the sheep ; it is commonly called sheep- 

 louse. 



Phthiriasis equi, poultry- lousiness in the horse. Under this 

 name has been described a most tormenting malady in the horse, 

 originating, as it would seem, from the vicinity of an ill-kept hen- 

 house to the stable.* 



For the Entozoa, or internal parasites, we must refer to the 

 special treatises on such subjects. 



PAUNCH. The same as rumen and ingluvies : the first stomach in 

 ruminants. 



PELVIS. A basin : applied, in the skeleton, to the bones forming the 

 framework with which the thigh-bones are articulated ; in the 

 kidney, to the expansion of the ureter within the body of the 

 organ. 



PEPSINB. An albuminoid body present in the gastric juice, held to 

 act an important part, along with free acid of the stomach, in diges- 

 tion. It has the character of a ferment. 



PEPTIC CELLS, PEPTIC GLANDS. The peptic glands are the tubular 

 depressions in the inner surface of the stomach, forming a colum- 

 nar structure at right angles to the lining ; the peptic cells are 

 minute cells or corpuscles contained in the depressions in various 

 stages of development, concerned in the secretion of the peculiar 

 gastric fluid. 



PEPTONE. The same as albuminose : a low form of albumen, into 

 which the nutritive principles are conceived to be first converted 

 in the process of assimilation. 



PERISPERM. See Albumen. 



PERISTALTIC ACTION. The movement of the bowels by which their 

 contents are propelled onwards. 



PETER'S GLANDS. Glands occurring exclusively in the small intes- 

 tines either solitary or agminated, the latter being named Peyer's 

 patches. These glands contain a minute sacculus, but have no dis- 

 coverable opening. 



PHARYNX. The funnel-shaped muscular bag at the back part of the 

 throat from which the gullet descends to the stomach. 



PHOSPHORIC ACID. Phosphoric acid consists of phosphorus and 

 oxygen, and when free from water is called phosphoric anhydride. 

 It combines with water in three proportions, and each compound 

 obtains a distinct name : the protohydrate of phosphoric acid being 

 named pyrophosphoric acid the deutohydrate, metaphosphoric 

 acid and the tritohydrate, tribasic phosphoric acid ; the last 

 forms the phosphates met with in organic nature. See p. 301. 



PHOSPHORUS. A simple non-metallic combustible largely present 



* We are indebted for much that is said above to Gamgee, ' Our Domestic 

 Animals in Health and Disease.' 



