CONTENTS 



PART I 



THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL BASIS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL 



PROCESSES 



CHAPTER I PAGE 

 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 1 



The Laws of Solution, 3; Gas Laws, 3; Osmotic Pressure, 4; Biological Meth- 

 ods for Measuring Osmotic Pressure, 6; Hemolysis, 7; Plasmolysis, 8. 



CHAPTEE II 

 OSMOTIC PRESSURE (CONT'D.) 10 



Measurement by Depression of Freezing Point, 10; The Eole of Osmosis, Dif- 

 fusion, and Allied Processes in Physiological Mechanisms, 11, Physical Fac- 

 tors Involved in Absorption, Excretion and Lymph Formation, 13. 



CHAPTEE III 



ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY, DISSOCIATION, AND IONIZATION . . 16 



Determination of Conductivity, 17; Biological Applications, 19. 



CHAPTEE IV 



THE PRINCIPLES INVOLVED IN THE DETERMINATION OF THE HYDROGEN-ION CONCEN- 

 TRATION 22 



Titrable Acidity and Alkalinity, 22 ; Actual Degree of Acidity or Alkalinity, 

 23; Mass Action, 23; Application to the Measurement of H-ion Concentration, 

 26; Application in Determining the Eeal Strength of Acids or Alkalies, 28. 



CHAPTEE V 



THE PRINCIPLES INVOLVED IN THE MEASUREMENT OF HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRA- 

 TION (CONT'D) 29 



The Electrical Method, 29 ; The Indicator Method, 32. 



[ CHAPTEE VI 



KEGULATION OF NEUTRALITY IN THE ANIMAL BODY AND ACIDOSIS 36 



Buffer Substances, 36; Theory of Acidosis, 38; Measurement of the Eeserve 

 Alkalinity, 41; Titration Methods, 41; CO 2 -Combining Power, 42; Indirect 

 Methods. 46; Eelationship Between CO 2 -content of Blood and Hydrogen-ion 

 Concentration, 49. 



CHAPTEE VII 

 COLLOIDS 51 



Characteristic Properties, 51; Characteristics of True Colloidal Solutions, 52; 

 Tyndall Phenomenon, 52; Eelative Indiffusibility, 52; Electrical Properties, 

 56; Brownian Movement, 58; Osmotic Pressure, 58. 



