366 NERVOUS SYSTEM. 



wished to avoid it, made a thousand efforts to avoid it, but 

 did not succeed. If it were placed on its back, it would not 

 rest, exhausted itself in vain efforts to get up, and finished 

 by remaining in that position in spite of itself. 



" Finally, volition, sensation, perception, persisted ; the 

 possibility of making general movements persisted also ; but 

 the coordination of the movements in regular and definite 

 acts of locomotion was lost." ] 



These are the phenomena observed after total extirpation 

 of the cerebellum. Voluntary movement, sensation, general 

 sensibility, and the special senses, seem to be intact ; but 

 there is always a loss of the power of equilibrium, and the 

 movements executed are never regular, efficient and coor- 

 dinate. Flourens farther states that animals operated upon 

 in this way retain the intellectual and perceptive faculties. 11 



It is exceedingly important now to note the effects of 

 partial removal of the cerebellum, as these bear directly upon 

 cases of disease or injury of this organ in the human subject, 

 in which its disorganization is very rarely complete. We 

 may illustrate this also by citing two of Flourens's typical 

 experiments : 



" I. I removed by successive layers, all of the upper half 

 of the cerebellum in a young cock. 



" The animal immediately lost all stability, all regularity 

 in its movements; and its tottering and ~bizarre mode of 

 progression reminded one entirely of the gait in alcoholic 

 intoxication. 



" Four days after, the equilibrium was less disturbed, and 

 the progression was more firm and assured. 



" Fifteen days after, the equilibrium was completely re- 

 stored. 



"II. I removed, in a pigeon, about the half of the cere- 

 bellum ; and I removed this organ completely in a fowl. 



1 FLOURENS, Reckerches cxperimentales sur les proprietes et les fonctions du sys- 

 time nerveux, Paris, 1842, p. 37. 

 8 Op. ci'., p. 134. 



