100 GENERAL ADVICE 



use the Bordeaux mixture upon ornamental plants, 

 because it discolors the foliage and makes the 

 plants look very untidy. In such cases it is best 

 to use the ammoniacal copper solution,* which 

 leaves no stain upon the plant. In all spraying 

 operations, it is especially important that the ap- 

 plications be made the very moment the insect or 

 disease is discovered, or in the case of fungous 

 diseases, if one is expecting an attack, it is well 

 to make an application of Bordeaux mixture even 

 before the disease appears. When the fungus 

 once gets inside the plant tissue it is almost im- 

 possible to destroy it, inasmuch as fungicides act 

 upon these deep-seated fungi very largely by pre- 

 venting their fruiting and their further spread on 

 the surface of the leaf. For ordinary conditions, 

 from two to four sprayings are necessary to dis- 

 patch the enemy. 



Persons who desire to post themselves thor- 

 oughly on spraying should procure Lodeman's 

 "Spraying of Plants," and then consult the recent 

 bulletins of the experiment stations. Spraying in 

 relation to fruit -culture is discussed at some 

 length in "Principles of Fruit- Growing." 



There are many kinds of machines and devices 

 for the application of sprays to plants. For 



*AMMONIACAL. COPPER CARBONATE. Copper carbonate, 1 ounce; am- 

 monia, 1 volume 26 Beaume, % volumes water (enough to dissolve 

 the copper) ; water, 9 gallons-. The copper carbonate is best dissolved in 

 large bottles, where it will keep indefinitely, and it should be diluted with 

 water as required. For the same purposes as Bordeaux mixture. 



