216 PLANTING THE ORNAMENTAL GROUNDS 



are also adapted for low hedges and edgings. The 

 citrus is hardy as far north as Washington in pro- 

 tected places, and in some cases even farther. 

 For hedges, plants should be set as close as two 

 feet or less, and they should be rigidly headed -in 

 even from the first, in order to develop a thick bot- 

 tom growth. For deciduous hedges, osage orange, 

 buckthorn, pyracantha, locust, and various other 

 plants may be used. 



Coniferous evergreens as pines, spruces, cedars 

 may be planted in fall, spring or summer. There 

 is much difference of opinion as to the proper sea- 

 son, which only means that the transplanting may 

 be done in various seasons. The writer has had 

 best success in transplanting them late in spring, 

 when the new growth is beginning, especially 

 when he can choose a rainy or moist time. As a 

 rule, evergreens are not trimmed upon being trans- 

 planted; but if the top seems to be very large in 

 proportion to the root, the branches may be 

 headed -in a few inches. In transplanting ever- 

 greens from the wild into sunny places, it is well 

 to choose those which naturally grow in the sun. 

 This is particularly important with the hemlock. 



The verdurous beauty of spruces, hemlocks and 

 firs may be much prolonged if a few inches of the 

 tips of the strongest branches be cut off every 

 year or two. This treatment induces a thick 

 growth of the top, while it is not severe enough to 

 reduce the tree to a formal figure. Even the 



