226 PLANTING THE ORNAMENTAL GROUNDS 



White spruce, P. alba.* 



One of the finest of the spruces. A more compact grower than the 

 last, and not so coarse. Grows slowly. 

 Oriental spruce, P. orientalis. 



Especially valuable from its habit of holding its lowest limbs. Grows 

 slowly. 

 Blue fir, Colorado blue spruce, P. pungens. 



In color probably the finest of the conifers. Grows slowly. Varies 

 in blueness. 



Nordmann's fir, Abies Nordmannlana. 

 Balsam fir, A. lalsamea.* 



Loses most of its beauty in fifteen or twenty years. 

 Hemlock spruce, Tsuga Canadensis* 



Young and well-grown specimens are the most graceful of our ever- 

 greens. In the West, if given some protection from the sun it does bet- 

 ter. Should therefore be planted near large trees. (See page 216.) 



Arborvitse, Thuja occidentalis * 



Becomes unattractive after ten or fifteen years, especially on poor soils. 

 Cembrian pine, Pinus Cembra. 



A very fine slow-growing tree. One of the few standard pines suit- 

 able for small places. 

 White pine, P. Strolus* 

 Scotch pine, P. sylvestris. 



Eed pine, P. resinosa* 



Valuable in groups and belts. Not sufficiently known. Usually 

 called "Norway pine." Rather heavy in expression. 



Scrub pine, P. Bariksiana* 



A small tree, more picturesque than beautiful. Desirable. 



Bed cedar, Juniperus Virginiana.* 



III. SHRUBS AND VERY SMALL TREES, NOT SCANDENT. 



A. Deciduous, or Broad-leaved if Evergreen. 

 Many rapid-growing trees may be utilized as shrubs by 

 cutting them off near the ground every year, or every other 

 year, and allowing young shoots to grow. Basswood, black 

 ash, some of the maples, tulip tree, mulberry, and others, 

 may be treated in this manner. (Fig. 157.) 



