APPLES 311 



For the South and Southwest the varieties named in the 

 following list are of value : 



Early. Bed June, Yellow Transparent, Red Astrakhan, 

 Summer Queen, Benoni, Oldenburg, Gravenstein. 



Autumn. Haas, Late Strawberry, Maiden Blush, Oconee, 

 Rarnbo, Peck's Pleasant, Rome Beauty,* Carter's Blue. 



Winter. Paragon,* Shockley, Smith's Cider, Hubbard- 

 ston, Hoover, Horse, Grimes' Golden, Buckingham, Jona- 

 than* (Fig. 208), Winesap, Kinnaird, Ben Davis,* York 

 Imperial, Romanite, Rail's Genet, Limber Twig. 



In the Northwest only such varieties as are extremely 

 hardy will be satisfactory, and among those likely to suc- 

 ceed we may mention: 



Early. Yellow Transparent, Tetofski. 



Autumn. Oldenburg,* Fameuse, Longfield, Wealthy, 

 MeMahan.* 



Winter Wolf River,* Hibernal, Northwestern Greening, 

 Pewaukee (Fig. 210), Switzer, Golden Russet. 



INSECTS AND DISEASES OF THE APPLE. Among the in- 

 sects most commonly found upon the apple-tree are the 

 codlin-moth, canker-worm and tent -caterpillar. The 

 codlin-moth lays its egg upon the fruit soon after the 

 blossoms fall, and the larvae, on hatching, eat their way 

 inside. A thorough spraying of the trees with arsenites 

 (page 98) within a week after the blossoms fall will do 

 much toward destroying them; but a second application 

 in about three weeks, Vill be desirable. The canker-worm 

 (Fig. 92) and tent-caterpillars feed upon the leaves, and 

 can also be destroyed by means of arsenites. To be 

 effectual against the former, however, the applications 

 must be made soon after they hatch, and in a very thor- 

 ough manner. 



Borers frequently do much injury to the trunks of trees, 

 but if the trees are kept well cultivated and in a thrifty grow- 

 ing condition, the injury will be greatly reduced. It will be 

 well, however, to wash the trunks oH the trees and larger 



