THE INFLUENCE OF ^01 LS 51 



Continuing westward, ]\Iichigammc and Sidnaw, 

 with an elevation of 979 and 763 feet, illustrate the 

 greatly increased altitude of the Avestern half of 

 the Peninsula, which continues to Ironwood in the 

 extreme west, whose elevation ahove Lake Superior 

 is about 900 feet ; along the height of the Copper 

 Range on the Keweenaw peninsula, where Calumet 

 is more than 600 feet above the same lake; and 

 far to the southward, where Iron Mountain has 

 nearly as great an elevation above the level of Lake 

 Michigan.^ 



It is in this western area that the maximum ele- 

 vation in the State is reached in the Porcupine 

 Mountains (2,023 feet above sea-level). Lake ports, 

 like Marquette, Munising, Houghton, Hancock, 

 Escanaba, Gladstone, and ]\Ianistique, have, of 

 course, a much lower altitude than interior points 

 such as have been designated here. It is also strik- 

 ing that the height of land in the Upper Peninsula 

 is generally much closer to Lake Superior than to 

 the lakes on its southern shore, so that the streams 

 flowing into Lake Superior are usually very short 

 and rapid, and carry a small volume of water. Even 

 so, small streams, like the Carp, the Au Train and 

 Dead River, have had their water-powers utilized 

 quite to their full capacity. 



It was under these conditions of soil and eleva- 

 tion that settlement in the Upper Peninsula took 



' These altitudes are derived from the "Dictionary of Al- 

 titudes," puhlished by the U. S. Geol. Survey, where the 

 datum is sea-level. 



