178 KDRAL MICHIGAN 



Europe), the Finnish language was spoken in nine 

 homes and Swedish in one. The language of the 

 newspapers read in these homes corresponds to the 

 foregoing classification. Only a "cheap grade of farm 

 Journal" formed the magazine-reading in six homes, 

 while no magazines were taken in four homes. All 

 these people had church aMiations, but this was Avith 

 a foreign-language church. No societies were repre- 

 sented in these homes, but in all cases there was 

 membership in the Grange. The only community 

 events attended by these people were represented by 

 two school socials during the period under review. 

 There were four children of school age not in attend- 

 ance. All fathers in this community, except one, 

 could speak English, but none could read or write it. 

 All mothers in the community, except one, cannot 

 speak English, and none can read or write it. This 

 is undoubtedly but one of many instances. Brown 

 believes that there are at least seventy-five such com- 

 munities in the Upper Peninsula, which is doubtless 

 a conservative estimate; and the Lower Peninsula 

 has its quota. One agent of a colonization company, 

 who has looked over the situation in Michigan with 

 a view to a systematic attempt at establishing farmers 

 on the less developed lands of the northern part, 

 emphatically objected to this segregation by national 

 groups of new settlers in rural districts. He believes 

 it feasible so to organize a scheme of colonization that 

 nationally non-related individuals will be associated 

 together, and by this very situation will be much 

 more quickly merged in the common life of the 



