AGRICULTURAL IXDUSTRIE.^ 203 



Swaar, and Twenty-ounce apple.^ Varieties of 

 pears inehuled the Bartlett, Biiifum, White Doyenne, 

 Flemish Beauty, Seekel, and Stevens' Genesee.^ Of 

 peaches, there were the Early Anne, Sweetwater, 

 Royal Kensington, Prince's Eed, Eareripe, Orange, 

 Pound, Barnard, Early York, Malta, and Red-Cheek 

 Melcoton/ Efforts to grow apricots and nectarines 

 failed through unfavorable climatic conditions. 

 Among the cherries, the Amber Heart, Black Heart, 

 Black Tartarian, May Duke,. Ox Heart, Carnation, 

 and ^^^lite Tartarian ; and among the plums, Coe's 

 Golden Drop, Duane's Purple, Green Gage, Bleekers 

 Gage, Hulings Superb, Smith's Orleans, Washington 

 and Yellow Gage, are noted. J. C. Holmes, who 

 was both practically and officially connected with this 

 early period of Michigan horticulture, concedes that 

 many varieties of early fruits at first introduced into 

 Michigan proved unsuitable, but others on the lists 

 just recorded are still standard varieties for the 

 State. 



Fruit-culture was quite generally distributed 

 throughout the settled portions of the State in the 

 period before the Civil War. There is abundant testi- 

 mony that the removal of the forests, by exposing 

 the land surface to frigid air currents, made the cul- 

 ture of the less hardy varieties, such as the peach, 

 increasingly difficult and the return much more un- 

 certain in the inland counties, and by the war era 



^ Listed in a paper by J. C. Holmes, read before tbo 

 Mich. State Pomoiogical Soc at R^f^tle Creek, Feb. 25. 

 1873; "Mich. Pioneer & Hist. Soc. Collections," v. X, p. 73. 



