TRANSPORTATION AND MARKETING 275 



teuriziiig and cooling the milk before shipment. 

 Some of the larger plants were equipped to manu- 

 facture surplus supplies of milk into butter, cheese, 

 condensed milk and casein. The basic price was' 

 F.O.B. Detroit, resulting in varying returns to 

 farmers according to cost of delivery to the city 

 market.^ 



For many years it has been the practice of Michi- 

 gan farmers to dispose of their live-stock for ship- 

 ment to the Detroit stockyards, which, in 1919, re- 

 ceived 128,201 head of cattle, 374,903 of hogs, 

 314,898 of sheep, and 86,447 calves, while the 1920 

 statistics are: cattle, 118,755; calves, 99,009; sheep, 

 296,201 ; hogs, 430,863. The yards, in West Detroit, 

 are served by the main trunk-line railroads of the 

 State and Ontario, across the Detroit Eiver, and the 

 management takes pride in the facilities offered and 

 the sanitary conditions characteristic of the place. 

 A part of the receipts of live-stock at the yards is 

 taken over by the local packing-plants, of which there 

 were ten in 1919; and they also serve the require- 

 ments of stockers and feeders. In addition, a sup- 

 ply of live-stock is consigned direct to packing-plants, 

 not noticed in the figures here given. The Detroit 

 packers, in 1919, are reported to have slaughtered 

 200,000 cattle, 1,000,000 hogs, 500,000 sheep, and 

 100,000 calves, aggregating 13,820 tons of meat 

 products valued at $12,765,000. The market also 

 furnishes stock to the big Chicago plants. The 



' Clement & Warber : "Tlip IMarket Milk Business of De- 

 troit in 1915," U. S. Dept. Agr., Bull. No. 639. 



