RURAL MANUFACTURES 311 



and cultivator," "Allen's \veeding-hoe/' and "the 

 New Yorker self-raking reaping machine" appeared 

 soon after the Civil War.^ Forty years ago the 

 necessary implement equipment for a Michigan farm 

 was given by H. Marhoff as follows : One wagon at 

 $60; one sleigh at $25; two plows at $1-1 each; two 

 harrows at $12 each; one wheel cultivator at $30; one 

 gang plow at $25; one grain-drill at $80; one mower 

 at $75 ; one harvester and binder at $350 ; one wheel- 

 rake at $25; one fanning-mill at $25; shovels, hoes, 

 forks, and so forth, at $13.^ A further auxiliary 

 equipment was recommended, including a horse hay- 

 fork and carrier, hay-tedder, mounted spring-toothed 

 harrow and a land roller. This list is interesting as 

 revealing the stage of development attained by the 

 mechanical aids to agriculture at this period. 



There was early manifested a tendency in Michi- 

 gan for the manufacture of agricultural machinery 

 in small cities. Detroit confines its attention in this 

 direction to the construction of farm tractors, while 

 Grand Eapids possesses only an assembling plant of 

 the International Harvester Company. Nor does 

 this industry feature the wood-using activities of the 

 Upper Peninsula. At Saginaw are a group of fac- 

 tories which produce sugar-beet pullers, serviceable 

 in the surrounding territory ; bean-threshers, gasoline 

 engines for farm use, and pump-jacks, Avhile several 

 large machinery firms from without the State dis- 

 tribute from this center. At Jackson, one concern 



'"Kept. Mich. Bd. Agr.," 1868, 285, 273, 286. 

 ^Ibid., 1881-1882, 311. 



