RURAL MANUFACTURES 313 



crushers yearly. The Anker Holth Manufacturing 

 Company manufactures cream-separators. Cadillac 

 makes a smut-removing machine. At Calumet in 

 the Upper Peninsula^ there was inaugurated, in 1920, 

 the construction of an "all-service" truck-body, whose 

 "adjustable hinge" permits the transformation of the 

 wagon-box into a platform wagon-bed, or the adjust- 

 ment of the sides of the body at angles required in 

 various types of farm work. 



Before the advent of the automobile, Michigan was 

 a large producer of wagons and carriages. The 

 United States census of manufactures (1914) shows 

 that in 1904 Michigan produced 174,889 carriages, 

 valued at $7,784,444 and 52,273 wagons, valued at 

 $2,352,958. Five years later there was a decline 

 of 83,331 in the number of carriages, and of 23,553 

 in the number of wagons manufactured in the State. 

 By 1914, carriage production had dropped to 25,265 

 and wagon output to 11,454. 



Since the pioneer era, flour and grist-mills have 

 existed at many points, particularly where water- 

 power was available. The university city of Ann 

 Arbor has for more than forty years operated a plant 

 which manufactures agricultural machinery, for- 

 merly of many sorts but now exclusively hay-presses. 

 These hay-presses, which enjoy an established repu- 

 tation, are of several types, adapted to various serv- 

 ices, from the baling of alfalfa to. sorghum and 

 cane. For some years an annual average of some 650 

 presses has been turned out by the Ann Arbor Ma- 



