greater rate than that of the South, and this means 

 opportunities for greater advancement — not nec- 

 essarily greater opportunities for advancement. 

 Consequently the attractiveness of the North and 

 West for ambitious people continues to the disad- 

 vantage of the South and such movement of the 

 ambitious people carries along other types which 

 follow rather blindly, and without much thought. 



Concerning the second point, the Southern 

 people, whose opinions are really worth while, 

 welcome new blood and new capital. Indeed, it 

 is not too much to say that the South really wel- 

 comes the newcomers about as much as the West — 

 with less enthusiasm and spirit of inspiring hope- 

 fulness, perhaps, but with more hospitality. 



The negro problem in many ways is solving itself. 

 Those of us who have really had personal contact 

 with it know that the Southern people understand 

 the negro problem better than the rest of the 

 nation, and that general public sentiment in the 

 South calls for essential economic justice to the 

 negro. 



I was very much impressed — in this connection 

 — with the attitude of some Northern and many 

 Southern people with whom I have discussed the 

 matter of provision for negro soldiers and sailors 

 who return from the war. About half the North- 

 ern people doubted the practicability or wisdom 

 of making any provision for such colored soldiers. 

 On the other hand, I did not meet a single South- 

 ern man who did not emphatically say that re- 

 turned negro soldiers should have equal con- 

 sideration in the proposed policy of Secretary 

 Lane as the white soldiers. Many times Southern 

 men have reminded me of the fact that there are 

 negroes and negroes, just as there are white people 

 and white people, and in both cases there were 

 some deserving and some underserving people. 

 The opinion was almost unanimously expressed 

 by the Southern man that the negroes should be 

 segregated and kept to themselves, but the unan- 

 imity was absolute as to making full provision for 

 the returned negro soldier and sailor. 



There is a sort of inchoate, vague, but none the 

 less persistent, abstraction in the minds of North- 

 ern and Western people that in the Southland the 

 negroes do the manual labor and by that token 

 practically insure a lower social caste for the 

 white worker. I was quite surprised by the im- 

 pression gained on my trip that there are no greater 



