ABBREVIATE »NS 



XI 



ABBREVIATIONS .USED IN OTOLOGY. 



a 



A. C 



A. D 



A. S 



B. C 



c 



d 



F 



gl 



// 



L 



in. 



Meat. Aud. Ext. 



M. E 



Meat. Aud. Int. ; 



M.I 



Men. dis. . . . 



M. flac 



M. T.; Mt. . . . 



Myring 



O 



ot. ext. ac. . . . 



Applied tool in contact with Auricle. 



Aii-i ondm i ii m. 



Auris dextra— Right Ear. 



Auris sinistra — Lefl 



Bi men ondui tion. 



tact. 

 i ii ntes - applied to I < eth. 

 Tuning-fork. 



i . lella applied to Forehead. 

 1 1. ,u ing Powi 



Li n i 



Applied to Mastoid. 



■ rial Auditory Meatus. 



Internal Auditory Meatus. 



Meniei e's i lisease. 



Meml cida ; Shrapnell's membrane. 



Membrana tympani. 



Myi ingitis. 



Complete I a< lc of Perception of Sound. 



Otitis externa acuta. 



i Ititis externa i hronica. 

 Otitis media suppurativa acuta. 



ot. ext. chron. . 

 ot. ext. diff. . . 

 ot. med. sup ac. 

 ot. med. sup. 



chron Otitis media suppurativa 



Pol Politzer's. 



Pol. Ac Politzer's Acoumeter. 



R Right I 



S Susurrus— a Whisi 



/ Applied to Temple. 



Tymp T> mpanum. 



ub Unique — when applied at all points. 



Voice. 



V Applied to Vertex. 



vib Vibration. 



- Applied to Zygoma 



' I 



" Inches. 



oo Heard, but not I iider-.tood. 



R Rhine's 'lest Positive. 



— R Rinne's lest Negative. 



ABBREVIATIONS USED IN ELECTROTHERAPEUTICS. 



A., or An \uode. 



Amp Ampere 



A. C Anodal Closing. 



A. C. C Anodal Closure Contraction. 



A. C. O Anodal Closing Odor. 



A. C. P Anodal Closing Picture. 



A. C. S Anodal Closing Sound. 



A. D Anodal Duration. 



A. D. C Anodal Duration Contraction. 



A. M Ampei v-ni. 



A. O Anodal Opening. 



A. O. C Anodal Opening Contraction. 



A. O. O Anodal Opening Odor. 



A. O. P Anodal Opening Picture. 



A. O. S Anodal Opening Sound. 



B Magnetic Induction. 



B. A. U British Association Unit. 



C Centigrade; Current; Cathode. 



. Cathodal Closure. 



. Cathodal Closure Contraction. 



. Win. mis Degrees of Contraction. 



. Cathodal Closing Tetanus. 



. Centimeter-gram-second Units. 



. ( '.i! hodal ( )pening. 



. Cathodal Opening Contraction. 



C. S Current-strength. 



Duration ; Density. 



De. R Reaction of Degeneration. 



E Earth ; Electromotive Force. 



E. M. D. P. . . . Electromotive Difference of Potential. 



E. M. F Electromotive Force. 



F. M Field Magnet. 



H Horizontal Intensity of the Earth's Mag- 

 netism ; One Unit of Self-induction 



H Intensity of Magnetic Force. 



I Intensity of Magnetism. 



J Joule. 



K Electrostatic Capacity. 



K Rath 



Kl Klang (sound). 



K. C Kathodal Closing. 



K. C. C (Cathodal Closing Contraction. 



K. C. T Kathodal Closing Tetai 



K. D {Cathodal Duration (or Period of Closure ol 



1 ; 



K. D. C Kathodal Duration Contraction. 



K. D. T Kathodal Duration Tetanus. 



K. W Kilo-watt. 



L Inductance (Coefficient of) ; Length. 



M Strength ol Pole. 



Ma Milliampere. 



Mfd Mi. rofarad. 



N North Pole. 



O Opening ol I in uit. 



P. D Potential Difference. 



Q Electric Quantity. 



R Ohmic Resistance. 



S South Pole. 



T Time. 



Te Tetanic Contraction. 



U Unit. 



V Volume; Velocitv. 



v \'..lt. 



V. A Voltaic Alternative. 



V. M Volt-meter. 



W Work ; Weight : Watt 



Z Contraction (Zucku 



Z.Z.'Z." Increasing Strengths of Contraction. 



k Magnetic Susceptibility. 



fj. Magnetic Permeability. 



u> Ohm. 



p Specific Resistam 



fi Megohm (one-millionth part of an ohm). 



•i J- Battery. 



+ Anode or Positive P 



— Kathode or Negative Pole. 



> . Greater than, as k~ > A. 



< Less than. 



PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES USED IN CHEMISTRY 



Am- indicates the group Nil... 



Azo-, diazo-, and hydrazo- indicate compounds in which nitro- 

 gen atoms are linked in various ways. 



Di- is applied as a prefix to signify /. 



Im- indicates the group Nil 



Ket- indicates the molecule CO in certain structural re- 

 lations. 



Mon- is employed as a prefix to signify one. 



Nitro- indicates the group NOo. 



Pent- is applied as a prefix to signify five. 



per- denotes in a rather v ise an indefinitely large 



amount of the body to which it is prefixed, or to which 

 it is referred. 



Sesqui- indicates the proportion of two to tin;-,-. 



Sub- is employed in a rather vague sens,, to indicate defi- 

 ciency of the body tii which it is prefixed. 



Tetr- is applied as a prefix to signify four. 



Thio- indicates sulphur, especially replacing oxygen. 



Tri- (sometimes " ter-") is applied as a prefix to signify tlirce. 



-al indicates aldehydic structure. 



-an is applied to a class of bodies related to the starch and 

 sugar group. 



-ane indicates a saturated hydrocarbon. 



-ase indicates an enzyme, or non-organized ferment, e.g., dias- 



tase. This termination is at present restricted gener- 

 ally to enzymes of vegetable origin, but it should a 

 usi 1 with animal enzymes — which, however, usually end 

 in "in." It would thus be better t.> say pepsai 

 t> ypsase, rather than pepsin and trypsin. 



-ate. A suffix to nouns in chemistry signifying any salt formed 

 be an acid acting on a base ; /•. £-., sulphate, phosphi 



-ic denotes the higher of two valet med by an element, 



and incidentally in many cases a larger amount o: 

 gen. 



-in is of no precise significance, and is mostly applied to bodies 

 the structure of which is not yet known. 



-yl, -ene, -enyl. and -ine indicate hydrocarbons. According 

 ■ American s; by, the only case in 



which "in--" is used is as a termination for a sei 

 hydrocarbons, beginning with Ethine, I ..dish 



writers and some Anu-i ican chemists use it to signify basic 

 properties, regarding -in as the proper term for non-basic 

 bodies. They thus distinguish between salicin, which 

 forms in) salts with acids, and morphin (which under such . 

 system is spelled " morphine"), which does. It must be 

 noted that such methods are not in accordance with the 

 tendency of modern chemic nomenclature, which seeks 

 to express structure, not properties. The organic bases 



