ABBREVIATIONS 



Xlll 



<f A male animator a plant or flower bear- 

 ing only stamens 01 antheridia. 



$ A female animal or a plant or flower 



bearing only pistils or an begonia. 



Q A young animal of undetermined sex, thus 



cfo, young m lie, i u j yg for young female, 

 but jjuv {Juvenis, young). 



A monocarpn plant. 



0= Cotyledons accumbent. 



OH Cotyledons incumbent. 



f A plant introduced ami naturalized. 



f A plant cultivated for ornament. 



I A plant cultivated for use. 



8 Monecious. 



cf 9 Diei i' ius 



d" § 9 Polygamus. 



O Wanting or none. 



oo Numerous or indefinite ; more than twenty 



when applied to stamens. 



<r The microsecond represents .on i si 



the unit of time in experiments or psycho- 

 physic reactions. 



Ant/tors' names are abbreviated in the foil '■ r anner: — 



Ait., Aiton. Bech., Bechstein. Cham., Chamisso. Dum., 

 Dumeril, etc. 



Nupt, signifies in ornithology, breeding plumage. 



hornot, means a bird ol the yi U 



-aceae, a suffix used in botany to designate a family, the name 

 chosen being one of the principal genera. Ex., Rosa, Ros- 

 acea, Ranunculus, Raninuulaccce. Ci.,icece,idetz, inecE, 

 ea. 



-ana, preferably used as a suffix to the name of a species 

 around which others naturally cluster, in the naming of 

 subsections or groups of species; e.g., the group of 

 species of Helix related to //. pomaiia may be indicated 

 by the term Pomatiana. 



-ensis, a termination given to the names of species only when 

 derived from the name of their habitat; e.g., Ta-nia 

 niadagascariensis, Daphne chinensis, Dractzna brasili- 

 ensis. 



Eu-, employed as a prefix in forming the names of genera, sub- 

 genera, or sections of genera before a Gi % eek derivative. 



Excl. gen., exclusit genus. 



Excl. sps., exclusit species. 



Excl. var., exclusit varietas, when following an onym, indi- 

 cates that the group has undergone revision, and the 

 name does not cover the original ground to the extent 

 indicated. 



-ia, -ius, -ica, -icus, -ina, -inus, -ita, -itus, terminations 

 used in making specific names which are derived from 

 the name of a river or other body of water, a province, 

 a country, or a kingdom ; e. g., arabicus. 



-iceae, -ideae, -ineae, suffixes used in botany to designate a 

 family when the name taken ends in Latin -ix or -is 

 (genitive icis, idis, iscis); e.g., Salicinece from Salix, 

 Berberidece from Herberts, Tamariscinece from Tannin v. 



-sae, as a rule, these suffixes, together with ece, are employed 

 to designate botanic sub-families, tribes, and sub-tribes ; 

 e. g., Rosea from Rosa. 



-idae, -inae, the suffixes added to the name of the earliest 

 known or most characteristic genus, to designate zoologic 



families or sub-families; e. g., Slrix, Strigis, Strigidce, 



/:u, ■ rolis. But eroi 

 -ites, -itis, frequently employed to designate fossil organisms 



analogous to the living form whose genei is the 



radical to which ites is appended. They are rarely used 



with specific names 

 Mutatis char., mutatis characteris, when following a specific 



name signifies a < hange in the diagnostic characters of a 



-astrum, -oidea or -oides, -oidalis, -oideum, -opsis, termina- 

 tions employed in forming generii 



i lie names after a Greek derivative. Bourguinal 

 served to be appended to the 

 name of a genus to indicate its typical sub-division. 

 Opsi.\ ami oides should be reserved for sub-divisions of a 

 genus which resemble another genus, by adding them to 

 the name of thai other genus when it is of Greek .rigin. 



-oides is pi eferabl -k or 



bai barous I never Latin I origin 



(a) When the radical •■! the specific name is the name of a 

 genus which it resembles, e. g., Salix myrtillo 

 Bupleurum ranunculoides, Malva abutiloides, Thuja 

 cupressoi 



(b) When the radical is the name of another species which 

 the new one resembles. Helix carascaloid.es, a species 

 like //. , iii ascalensis. 



(c) When the radii al of the specific name is a Greek word 

 signifying an animal, organ, part, object, as Potentilla 

 iii, n knot tea, Prenanthei deltoidea, Jungermannia zo'dp- 



, rhomboidale, pterigoideus, paraboloides, 

 din ti oideus. 



Only one apparent exception to the compounding of Greek 

 and Latin has been consecrated by usage; viz. : ovoides 

 from o7>um and tiSo? ; this has arisen from the absence of 

 euphony in the correct form, ooides (<io>>, and €i5osi. 



pro-parte, for a part, when following a specific name indi- 

 cates that since its tirst application the group has been 

 revised. 



Pseudo-, a prefix employed in forming specific names before 

 a < .reek derivative. 



-pteris, a termination frequently employed in the generic 

 names of ferns, for the purpose oi recalling the affinities 

 < >l the genus. 



sp. (i) In zoology, abbreviation of species, written when the 

 specific name is not known or is wanting, or if placed 

 after the name of the authority, as Crania craniolaris, 

 Linne sp., indicates that Untie is only to be credited 

 with the specific name. 

 (2) In botany, species or specimen. 



Sub-, a prefix employed in forming specific names before a 

 Latin derivative. It may also be used in designating a 

 new species before the name of another with which the 

 first was in intimate relation. It is also used in the sense 

 of nearly, less, somewhat, slightly. It has. moreover, a 

 few legitimate Latin compounds which may be used for 

 specific names ; e.g.,subterraneus, iubalpinus-a-um, sub- 

 currens, subcutaneus, subdimidiatus, subjectus, sub- 

 mersus, subrotundus, substrains. 



Sub-sp., subspecies. 



gen., genus. 



var., variety, placed before the name of a plant or animal 

 indicates that it is a hybrid of doubtful origin. 



SUNDRY 



Adj Adjective. 



Adv Adverb. 



Am American. 



Arab Arabic. 



A. S Anglo-Saxon. 



Bot Botany. Botanic. 



B. Ph British Pharmacopeia. 



Celt Celtic. 



Cf Confer, see. 



Chem Chemistry, Chemic. 



Colloq Colloquial. 



Comp Compounded, Compound. 



Dim Diminutive. 



e. g [Exempli gratia), For example. 



Elec Electricitv. 



Eng English. 



Etym Etymology, Etymologic. 



f. Feminine. 



Fr French. 



Geog Geography, Geographic. 



Geol. . Geology, Geologic. 



Geom Geometry, Geometric. 



Ger . German. 



G. Ph German Pharmacopeia. 



Gr Greek. 



Heb Hebrew. 



Hind Hindustani. 



Ichth Ichthyology. 



i. e (id est), that is. 



It Italian. 



ABBREVIATIONS. 



L., or Lat Latin. 



Masc Masculine. 



Math -Mathematics. 



Med Medicine. Medical. 



M. E Middle English. 



N. F National Formulary. 



Nat. Hist Natural History. 



Neg Negative. 



Obs Obsolete. 



O. F Old French. 



Ophth Ophthalmology, Ophthalmologic. 



Path Pathology, Pathologic. 



Phil Philosophy, Philosophic. 



Phys Phvsiology, Phvsiologic. 



pi Plural. 



priv Privative. 



Pron Pronounced, Pronunciation. 



q.v (Quod vide) which see. 



Sax Saxon. 



Sing Singular. 



Sp Spanish. 



Surg s . -urgical. 



Unof Unofficial. 



U. S. Ph t'nited Slates Pharmacopeia. 



v Verb. 



v. i Intransitive verb. 



vide S( 



v. t Transitive verb. 



Zool Zoology, Zoologic. 



