S.1V 



ABBRE\ I A 1 [< »NS 



PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES USED IN MEDICAL TERMS. 



PREFIX I S. 



A-. an-, billed alph ''.r. a, av, or an), the equiva- 



lent of our pr< denotes an ab want 



: bj the pi incipal : 

 ia, apyi 

 is use. I before consonants, 

 an I and, rarely, am before bl or 6>\ i 



be distinguished from ana.) 



Ad- i it, toward iction, adhesion. The d is 



mpound to correspond tc the next 

 let! '.-, appt ndt i 



Al-(Arab.) article : alchemy, the secret art; alcohol, 



the \ ery subtle. 



Amphi- o.r amph-1 i<ip<;»i I, upon l>i>th sides, in two ways, as in 

 amphiat xmphibia, etc. 



Ana- -,h, again ; e. g., anabeKsm, anasarca, 



anal 



Anti- (01 ant-i (avri). Against, opposed to, opposite of ; as 

 an/a : . antibt achium, antipyretic, antiseptic, etc. 



Apo- ff, away, upon j e. g., aponeurosis, apoplexy, etc. 



Auto- (aCi-df). S( toprpsia, autoj. 



Bary- (fiapvs). Heavy, difficult : as barymezia, baryphonia 



Bi-, bin- (bis). Twice, twofold; e.g., bicuspid, bivalent, binoc- 

 ular, binaural. 



Bio-i8io,-i. I lasm, biology, biolysis. 



Brach- (fipa^ioiv). Ai m, pertaining to the arm ; as brachialgia, 



Broncho- (&p6y\o<;). Pertaining to the trachea; as bronchor- 

 rhagia, b> onchotomy. 



Cardi-, cardio- (xapSia). Pertaining to the heart, as cardio- 

 '/. caraia . 



Celio-. cceho- ocoiAca;. Pertaining to the belly, as celiotomy, 

 cast 



Chiro- \«ip). The hand. Chiragra, chiropodist. 



Co-, con-. Together, along with ; e.g., coitus, congenital. 



Dacryo- (Saxpvotd. A tear, pertaining to a tear ; as dacryoid, 

 da 'is. 



Dactyl- (SaxrvAos). A finger; pertaining to the fingers; as 

 dactylitis, dactylion, dactylate. 



Dermo-, dermato- (6epn.a). The skin ; pertaining to the skin ; 

 e g-, dermotomy, dermatolysis 



Di- (<5is). Twice, double; as dimorphism, digastric. 



Dia- (oia) Through. Examples: diabetes, diagnosis, dia- 

 phragm, diarrhea, etc. 



Dyn- (Siiva^is) Force, power; dynamogeny, dyttamograph. 



Dys- (5vs). Difficult, defective, painful ; e.g., dysentery, dysp- 

 nea, dysuria. 



Ec-, ex-, ecto- (««, tf. exi-os). Out, outside, away from ; as 

 in ecchymoses, ecdemic, eclampsia, exostosis, exanthema, 

 ',) opion, ectoderm. 



En-, em- (iv, e/x) In, within ; as in embryo, embolism, en- 

 demic, etc. 



Endo-, ento- (ivros). Within, internal ; e. g., endarteritis, 

 endoscope, entoblast, entoptic. 



Entero- ,ivttpov). The intestine ; as in enterocele, enter- 

 ostomy, etc. 



Epi- (euil. Upon, over, above: e. g., epiblast, epicranium, 

 epi ■identic, etc. 



Extra- (Lot.). Outside; e.g., extravasation, extroversion. 



Galact-(y«Aai. Milk : asgalactocele, galactosemia, galacluria. 



Gastro- (ya<rT)jpi. The stomach; relation to the stomach; 

 . gastrocele, gastrocnemius, gastroenterostomy, etc. 



Genio- [yevtiov). Pertaining to the chin; e. g., geniohyoglos- 

 . geniohyoid. 



Glosso- (-/AwTo-ai. Pertaining to the tongue. Sec glossology, 

 glo vtia. 



Haema-, haemato- or hemo- (aiual The blood : pertaining to 

 hematemesis, hematoma, hemort 



Hemi- (qjit-rj/iurvs). Half; as in hemiachromatopsia, hemi- 

 crania. hemiplegia. 



Hepat- iri-irap). Tin- liver : pertaining to the liv< \epat-. 



m, hepatopostema. 



Hetera- Different; opposite; e.g., heteroinfection, 



het heteropathy 



Hydro-, hydr- ft/Scop i. Water ; resembling or relating to water, 

 dro| as in hydremia, hydragogue, hydrate, 



Hype rated abnormalitv in amount, 



hypermeti 

 . and nthei S 

 Hypr. nopathy, hypnotism 



Hypo- mount, size, quality, 



■ ihenia, 

 atic, hypoglossal. 

 Hystera-, hystero- ; relation 



I" ' o epilepsy, 



Ileo- (Ileum). Pertaining to the ileum ■ e. g., ileo-colilis, ilea- 



hllS. 



Ilio- ( Ilium). Pertaining to the ilium ; e. g., iliofemoral, ilio- 

 lumbar. 

 Im-, in- {/m. Privative, negative; as imperforate, incarcer- 

 n, insane, incontinent e. 



In- (tv). In, within, u] bj ; as incubation, infarction, in- 



immation, inoculation, etc. 

 Infra- (Infra). Beneath, below; e.g., inframaxillary, in- 



tlar. 

 Inter- (/m/ Between. See intercellular, intercostal, inter- 



ti i^o, and otb 

 Intra- (Intra). Within, inside of, as inlra-articular, intra- 

 ute> ine. 



Iso- ticros-). Equal, like; e.g., isometric, isothermal, isopathy. 

 Kata-, kath- ((card). Down, through ; askatabolism, katatoma, 



kathode. 

 Leuko- (AeuKo?). Whiteness; e. g., leukemia, leukocyte, 



leukomain, leukort hea. 

 Lith-, litho- (Ai0o?). Pertaining to stone, call ulus, or litbic 



ai id. See lit hernia, lithiasts, lithotripsy, i ti 

 Macro- (pa/cpos). Large ness, hypertrophy ; as in macroglossia, 



ntacromelia. 

 Mai- (Malu >. Bad ; as malformation, malpractice, malaria 

 Melano- (p.«Aas). Blackness, pigmentation ; e g., melancholia, 



melano-sat coma. 

 Meso- (/jeo-os). The middle; e.g., ntesoblast, mesocolon, etc. 

 Meta- (uero). With, after; e. g., metabolism, metatarsus 

 Micro- (/uocpo?). Smallness; e.g., micrococcus, microglossia, 



microscope. 

 Mon-, mono- (pdros). Singleness. For example, monamin, 



monomania, monorchis. 

 Morpho- (/xop</)r;). Shape, form; e.g.,morphography,morphol- 



og v, morphometry. 

 Multi- (multus). Number, many; e.g., mullilocular, multi- 



parous. 

 Myelo- (jiveAdc). Referring to the brain or spinal cord; as 



myeloid, myelitis. 



Myo- (juvs). Pertaining to a muscle or to muscularity. See 

 myocarditis, myoma, myopathy. 



Neo- (i-KKi. New, recent, young ; as neogala, neo-membrane, 

 neoplasm. 



Nephr- ircifrposi. Pertaining to the kidney; e. g , uefhra- 

 postasis, nephria nephritis. 



Neuro- (vevpov). Relating to a nerve or to neurology In the ori- 

 ginal Greek the word meant a cord or tendon, — neurosis, 

 the stringing of the bow. It is now applied only to 

 nerve-structure; as, e. g., neuralgia, neurasthenia, 

 neurilemma, neuroglia. 



Ob- [Ob). In front of, against, denoting hindrance or ob- 

 struction; e. g., obstruent, obturator, occlusion, op- 

 ponens. 



Odonto- (6S01/O. Of the teeth ; as odontology, odontalgia. 



Oligo- (0A1709). Fewness or lack of, as oligocythemia. 



Ophthalmo- (r>4>0aAp.os). Pertaining to the eye, as ophthal- 

 mia, ophthalmoplegia. 



Ortho- [op86<s). Straight, upright, correct. See orthoscope, 

 orthopedia, ■ tris. 



Osteo- iba-r(oi'). Referring to bone. See osteoblast, osteomyel- 

 itis, osteoplastic. 



Oto- (m'(i. Pertaining to the ear, as otorrhea, otophone. 



Oxy- ii'fes). Denoting the presence of oxygen, or acidity ; as 

 oxygen, vyhemoglobtn. 



Pan-, Pant- (i-ds, 7rdi). All, every, universal; as pancreas, 

 pangenesis, pantomorphic. 



Para- (itapaA. Through, near, by, by the side of, abnormality. 

 Examples: paracentesis, paresthesia, parenchyma, p 1 "- 



Peri- (TTtpi). About, around. See, e. g., pericardium, I en- 

 meter, perilymph, pet iosteum. 



Pod- (irovs). Pertaining to the foot, as podalgia, podedema. 



Poly-, pol- (TroAiif). Manx-, nun b ; e.g., polycorta, polygalac- 

 tia, polyuria. 



Prae-. pre- 'Fieri. Before; e g., prcecordia, prepuce. 



Pro- (wp6Y Before, down ; as in process, procidentia, prolapse, 

 proptosii . 



Proc-. procto- f-pwKTo?) The anus, pertaining to the anus; 

 tilt's, pi octopl 



Pseudo- tjsev&ri<;). False, spurious ; as in pseudoarthrosis, pseudo- 



Pyo- (irvof), Pertaining to pus or purulency; 1 -;//., 



pyosaipin 1 , 



Pyr-, pyro- firvp). Conci 01 beat, or inflammation ; 



pyrexia. 

 Retro- 1 /•: Backward, behind; e. g., retroft 



ion 



Rhin-, Rhino- [pis). Pertaining to the nose, as rhinoplasty, 



rhinitis. 

 Semi- (Semis). Half, partly, almost, as semicapium, setui- 



liin.n . 



