A< II > 



ACID 



phin. Crystallizes with 3H,0 in white laminae, 



readily soluble in hot water and alcohol. Ferric salts 

 color the acid solution- dark red. A., Melilotic 

 (( ,1^ ill .( ill < i i.l I . ..cur- Tree and m com 

 liination with coumarin in the yellow melilot Crys 

 tallizes in long needles, dissolves easily in hot water, 

 and melts at 8l°. A., Mellitic i ^ ' , . 1 1 , , < I,,), occur- in 

 mellite or honey -tone, which is found in some lignite 

 beds. Honey -tone i- an aluminium salt of mellitic 

 acid, CjjAl^l i,, -- i > 1 1 * >. and affords large quadratic 

 pyramids of a bright yellow color. Mellitic acid crys- 

 tallizes in fine, silky needles, readily soluble in water and 

 alcohol; has a -our. hitter taste. A., Mellophanic 



; I i ' i 1 1 . formed by the oxidation of isodurene. 

 \ rj soluble in cold water and crystallizes in small 

 prisms. Melts at 240 . A., Mesidic. See A, 

 (' A., Mesitylenic (< ',,1 !,„< >._,), obtained by 



Lually oxidizing mesitylene with dilute HNO« 

 Crystalli/e- from alcohol in large prisms, from water 

 in needles. Melts at l66° and sublimes very readily. 

 A.. Metaphosphoric (HPO s ), a glassy -olid, not 

 volatile by heat. It is freely soluble in cold water, 

 and is converted by boiling into orthophosphoric 

 acid. Used as a test for albumin in the urine. A., 

 Metasaccharic I H I0 O 8 ), produced by oxidizing 

 arabinose carboxylic acid with HN0 3 . Melt- at 68° 

 when air dried. A., Mucic (C 6 H 10 < K). is obtained in 

 the oxidation of dulcitol, milk-sugar, galactose, galac- 

 tonic acid and nearly all the gum varieties. A white 



-talline powder, almost insoluble in cold water and 

 alcohol. It melts at 210 with decomposition. A., 

 Muriatic. See . /. , Hydrochloric. A., Myronic [fibpov, 

 unguent] (C 10 H 19 NS 2 O, ) , an acid that occurs as a 

 potassium salt in I of black mustard. Crystallizes 



from water in bright needles. A., Nitric (HN( ',), a 

 liquid consisting of 68 per cent, absolute acid in 32 



cent, of water. The pure acid is colorless, fum- 

 ing, and highly caustic. A very powerful escharotic, 



i in cauterization of chancres and phagedenic 

 ulcer-. A., Nit., Dilute, contain- ten percent, abso- 

 lute acid. Dose n\tfj-xv, well diluted. A., Nitro- 

 hydrochloric. Aqua Regia, a golden yellow, fuming 

 mixture of four part- nitric and 15 of hydrochloric acid. 

 A ready solvent of gold. Valuable in affections of the 

 liver. Dose n\y-.xx, very dilute. A., Noropianic 



il,'| 1, is obtained from opianic acid by heating 

 with hydriodic acid. Readily soluble in water; melt- 

 ing at 1 71 ° . A., Oleic i»',JI ;1 < '._,), a constituent 

 acid present in many fats and oils. < obtained in the 

 manufacture of stearin candles. Soluble in alcohol, 

 benzol, and the essential oils; insoluble in water. 

 Saponifies when heated with alkaline bases. Used in 

 making the oleates. It is a colorless oil that crystal- 

 lizes on cooling. Melts at [4 . Odorless in a pure 

 condition, but becomes rancid on exposure to the air. 

 A., Opianic (Cj H, O 5 ), dimethyl ether of noropianic 

 acid. Crystallize- from hot water in fine prism 

 ing at 150 . A., Orsellinic (C 8 H 8 4 ), 1- found in 

 different lichens of the genera A' ind /■ 



canora. Consists of easily soluble prisms, melting at 

 176°. A., Ortho-oxybenzoic. See A. Salicylic. 

 A., Orthophosphoric (II.I'i >,i, ordinary phosphoric 

 distinguished from metaphosphoric and pyro 

 phosphoric acids. A., Osmic (0s0 4 ), thi oxide "I 

 osmium, one of the rarer elements ; it occur- as yellow 

 crystal-, acrid, burning, yielding an intensely irritating 

 vapor; it has been recommended for hypodermatic use 

 in sciatica, strumous glands, and cancer. A., Osmic, 

 Liq.,one per cent. Dose rr^iv— vj,hypodermatically for 

 sciatica, neuralgia, etc. J'o/11 ium mat: K ,1 ls( », • 

 2I I .< 1 1. given in epilepsy. I lose gr. ,.', . A., Oxalic 

 (C.jl. 1 ',!, a colorless crystalline solid obtained by 



treating sawdust with caustic soda and potash. It oc- 

 curs in many plants chiefly as potassium oxalate ; with 



two pan- of water, it crystallizes in fine, transparent 

 monoclinic prisms that at 20° effloresce in dry air and 



fall in a while powder. It is soluble in nine parts of 

 water at moderate temperature and quite easily in al- 

 cohol. In ', gr. doses a depressant to respiratory 

 center-. In large doses a violent poison. Unof. A., 

 Oxamic (< '.,< >,i \'l I ,< >1 1 1 1, a monobasic acid occurring 

 as a crystalline powder that dissolves with difficulty in 

 cold water and melts at 173°. A., Oxyacetic. See.-/., 

 Glycollic. A., Oxycitric (CgHgOg), i- produced by 

 boiling chlorcitric acid with alkalies or water. A., Oxy- 

 uvitic |C,,l[ s ( )), is produced by the action of chloro- 

 form upon sodium at cto at en, ester. Crystallizes from 

 hot water in fine needles, and melts with decomposition 

 at about 290 . A., Palmitic (< ',,.11 ,,< »., 1. an acid exist 

 ing as a glycerin ether in palm nil and in most of the 

 solid fats. It form- fine, white needles, or pearly crys- 

 talline scales. A., Palmitolic i< ',,.1 1 j >.i. an acid 

 that i- isomeric with linoleic acid ; melts at 42 . A., 

 Palmitoxylic (< ',, ; I I. Jh < >,), a monobasic acid, produced 

 from palmitolic acid on heating with fuming lIN'i. 

 Melts at 67 . A., Paracresotic (C 8 H 9 O s ), a pre 

 paration from paracresylol. It is employed usually in 

 the form of its sodium -alt, ( „ll 7 \a< > 3 , which is a safe 

 and reliable antipyretic. It is especially of service in 

 the rheumatism of children. Dose, to children, gr. ij- 

 iij ; to adults up to gij. Unof. A., Paralactic. See .4., 

 Sarcolactic. A., Paratartaric. See A., Racemic. A., 

 Pelargonic (C,,I !,„< >._,), a complex ether that imparts 

 the specific flavor to geranium an.l certain other 

 aromatic oils. A., Perosmic. Same as ./., Osmic. 

 A., Phenylacetic (C 6 H v CH 2 .C0 2 H ), Alphatoluic 

 Acid, obtained from benzyl cyan id when boiled with 

 alkalies. Crystallizes in shining leaflets, resembling 

 those of benzoic acid ; melts at 76.5 . and boils at 

 262 . It is prescribed in coughs and tuberculosis; is 

 stimulant and antihectic. Dose of alcoholic solution 

 gtt. x-xx. Unof. A., Phenyl-propionic. See A., 

 Hydrocinnamic . A., Phenyl Sulphate, a solution of 

 three gramme.- of phenol in 20 c.c. of strong sulphurii 

 acid. Used for the detection of nitrates in wati 1 

 A.. Phosphoric (H 3 P0 4 ), Orthophosphorii //./.con- 

 tain.- 50 per cent, each of acid and water. < )f value in 

 strumous affections, and thought to be serviceable in 

 dissolving phosphatic deposits. I la- none of the 1 RFei 1- 

 derived from free phosphorus or the hypophosphiti - 

 A., Phosphoric, Dilute, contain- ten per cent, of 

 absolute acid. Dose tTLv-xxx. See Sodium, Potas- 

 sium, Calcium, etc. A., Phosphorous (ILI't),), a 

 compound of hydrogen with phosphorus and hydro- 

 gen with phosphorus anhydrid. It- salts are 

 called phosphites. A., Phthalic (C 8 H 6 4 ), the or- 

 tho-dicarboxylic acid of benzene, obtained by oxidiz- 

 ing naphthalene with HNOj. It crystallizes in short 

 prisms or in leaflets readil) soluble in hot water, alco- 

 hol, and ether. It melt- at above200°. See Phihalate. 

 A., Picric (< ',.11 ,(N0 2 ) 3 OH 1, obtained by the nitration 

 of phenol. It crystallizes from hot water and alcohol 

 in yellow leaflets or prisms which possess a very bitter 

 Readily soluble in hot water, its solution im- 

 parting a beautiful yellow color to silk and wool. It 

 melts at 122. 5 ; a saturated solution 1- of some value 

 1 wash in erysipelas. An excellent test for albumin 

 and sugar in urine. Dose gr. v— xv. A., Pimelic 

 |C.II|.,< ),), [sopropyl Succinic Acid, melts at 114 . A., 

 Piperic i < ",., 1 1 ,,/ >, 1 , a monobasii consisting ol 



shining prisms ; almost insoluble in water, and crystal 

 lizes from alcohol in long needle-, melting at 217 . It 

 1- produced from piperin by boiling with alcoholic 

 potash. A., Porrisic. See ./., Euxan'hinic. A., 





