ACID 



34 



ACID1FICA 1 I. >\ 



Sulphonic. See I U .'. A., Sulphoricineolic, an 

 acid prepared from castor oil acted upon by sulphuric 



acid. It is a thick syrup, thai has the power of 

 dissolving and emulsifying many substances; recom- 

 mended lor pharmaceutical uses. A., Sulphuric 

 (H,S0 4 ), Oil f Vitri .. a heavy, oily, corrosive ai 

 consisting of not less than 112.5 I"' sulphuric 



anhydrid and 7.5 per cent, ol water. Of value in 

 had poisoning. Sometimes used as a caustic. A., 

 Sulph.. Aromatic, contains 20 per cent, acid, diluted 

 with alcohol and flavored with cinnamon and ginger. 

 Dose rr^v-xv. A., Sulph., Dilute, contains ten per 

 cent, strong acid to 90 of water. Dose lt^x— xv, well 

 diluted. A., Sulphurous 1 I I >' > s ), a colorless acid 

 containing about 6.4 per cent, of sulphurous anhv 

 drid in 93.6 per cent, of water. The gas (S0 2 ) 

 i- a very valuable disinfectant. The acid is used as 

 a sprav or lotion in diphtheria, stomatitis, and as a 

 wash for indolent and syphilitic ulcers. The various 

 hyposulphites are mainly valuable in that they de- 

 compose and give off sulphur dioxid. Dose lt\v- 

 zj. See, also, Sodium, Potassium, and Magnesium. 

 A., Tannic (Cj 4 H 10 < ),,), Tannin, an astringent acid 

 obtained from nutgalls, occurring in yellowish, scaly 

 crystals. Soluble in water and alcohol. Internally it 

 is an antidote in poisoning by alkaloids and tartar 

 emetic, and in hemorrhoids and catarrh of mucous 

 membrane. Useful mainly as an astringent lotion in 

 many skin diseases. Dose gr. j-xx. A., Tan., 

 Glycerit, one part tannin in four of glycerin. A., 

 Tan., Suppositories, one part of tannin to live of 

 butter of cacao. A., Tan., Troches, each contain 

 Yz gr. of tannic acid. A., Tan., Unguent, a 

 ten per cent, ointment of the acid incorporated 

 with benzoated lard. A., Tartaric 1 1 u l 1 10 < >,,). an 

 astringent acid, chiefly employed in refrigerant drinks 

 and in baking powders; 20 grains neutralize 27 of 

 potassium dicarbonate, 22 of sodium dicarbonate, and 

 15 ', of ammonium carbonate. Dose gr. x-xxx. 

 Widely distributed in the vegetable world, and occurs 

 principally in the juice of the grape, from which it 

 deposits after fermentation in the form of acid potas- 

 sium tartrate (argol). It results on oxidizing sac- 

 charic acid and milk sugar with 1 1 N( >.,. It crystallizes 

 in large monoclinic prisms, which dissolve readily in 

 water and alcohol, but not in ether, it melts at 167 - 

 170 . Its salts are the tartrates. A., Tartronic (< '.,- 

 H,< ).), occurs in large prisms that are easily soluble 

 in water, alcohol, and ether. It melts at 184 C. 

 Produced from glycerol by oxidation with potassium 

 permanganate. A., Taurocholic (<_'.,, 1 1 ,-\< >S.), 

 occurs in bile ; very soluble in water and alcohol ; 

 crystallizes in line needles. A., Teracrylic (C-M,.,- 



. obtained by the distillation of terpentic acid. It 

 is an oily liquid, with an odor resembling that of val- 

 eric acid, and boiling at 208 without decomposition. 

 A., Terebic (C-H 10 O 4 ), a monobasic acid formed 

 when turpentine oil is oxidized with UNO,. Spar- 

 ingly soluble in cold water, crystallizes in shining 

 prisms, and melts at 175 . A., Tetraoxycaproic. 

 See A., Saccharic. A., Tetraoxyvaleric. See 

 A., Arabonic. A., Thebolactic (CgH 6 8 ), a crys 

 talline principle obtained from opium. A., Tide 



' id tul \. See Tide. A., Trichloracetic (Il< . 

 ' . an acid formed from acetic acid, three atoms 

 of the hydrogen of which is fin the n> cid replaced 

 by chlorin. It is considered one of the besi reagents 

 for the detection of albumin in the urine, and is a 

 valuable caustic, > foi rhinopharyngoTogical 



purposes. A., Trichlorlactic < ll<>' . made 

 by heating chloralcyanhydrin with concentrated MCI. 

 It is a crystalline mass that melts at from I05 to IIO°. 



Soluble in water, in alcohol, and in ether. A., 

 Tricyanic (( \'UI 1. Cyanuric Acid, obtained 

 from tricyanogenchlorid by boiling the latter with 

 water and alkalies, it crystallizes from aqueous solu- 

 tion with two molecules oi water in large rhombic 

 prism--, soluble in 40 parts of cold water; easily solu- 

 ble in hot water and in alcohol. A., Trimesic 

 H 6 8 ), formed when mesitylenic and uvitic acids are 

 oxidized with a chromic acid mixture. Crystallizes in 

 shot! prisms, readily soluble in hot water and alcohol, 

 melts about }00°, and sublimes near 240 . A., Tropic 

 i«,,ll' ,ll : .< >ll).t t'.lli. obtained by digesting the 

 alkaloids, atropin, and belladonna with baryta water. 

 Slowly soluble in water; crystallizes in needles or 

 plates, anil nulls at II7 . A., Umbellic (C 6 H 8 OJ, 

 obtained by digesting umbelliferon with caustic potash, 

 and then precipitating with acids. It is a yellow 

 powder, decomposing at about 240 . A., Undecolic 

 ((',, I l |s < 1, ,). obtained from the bromid of undecylenic 

 acid, [t fuses at 59.5 . A., Uric (C 6 H 4 N 4 8 ), an 

 acid found in the urine of man and the carnivora — 

 rarely in the herbivora — abundantly in the excrement 

 of birds, reptiles, and molluscs. < rvstallizes in small, 

 white, rhombic crystals, insoluble in alcohol and ether, 

 soluble in 1900 parts of boiling water, and in hydro- 

 chloric acid. Exists usually in combination with the 

 metals of the alkaline group. Separated from urine 

 by adding ten per cent, of hydrochloric acid and allow- 

 ing the crystals to settle for 48 hours, when the}' may 

 be separated and weighed. Haycraft's method is a 

 more exact but extended process. A., Uric, Murexid, 

 Test for. See Murexid. A., Uroleucic (C,,II 10 - 

 5 ) \uro-, leuciri\, a stellate, crystalline acid found in 

 the urine in alkaptonuria. A., Uvitic (C 9 H 8 4 ), 

 Mesidic Acid, obtained by oxidizing mesitylene with 

 dilute HN0 S . Crystallizes from hot water in needles, 

 melting at 2S7 . A., Valeric (C 6 H 10 O 2 ), formed by 

 oxidizing normal amy] alcohol. Similar to butyric acid, 

 but is more sparingly soluble in water; boils at 186 ; 

 sp. gr. at o° is 0.9568. It congeals in the cold and melts 

 at 20 . A mobile liquid with caustic acid taste and 

 the pungent smell of old cheese. Its salts have been 

 somewhat used in medicine. A., Veratric ((',,1 I |M < >,), 

 occurs with veratrin in the sabadilla seeds ; crystallizes 

 from hot water in short, white, transparent needles, 

 melting at 179-5° C- '■> soluble in water and alcohol. 

 A., Vulpic (C ]9 H U < >,), occurs in the lichen Cetraria 

 vulpina, from which it may be extracted by chloroform 

 or lime water. Sparingly soluble in water and ether, 

 crystallizes from alcohol in yellow prisms, melting at 

 I IO° and subliming. A., Xa'nthic (C 2 H 6 .O.CS.SH), 

 a heavy, oily liquid, not soluble in water, with a pene- 

 trating smell and a sharp, astringent taste, many of 

 whose salts have a yellow color. A., Xylic (C 6 H 8 - 

 l'< !H 8 ) 2 .CO»H), produced by the oxidation of pseudo- 

 cumene. Crystallizes from alcohol in long prisms ; 

 dissolves with difficulty in water ; nulls at i2o°C., and 

 sublimes readily. A., Xylidic (C B H 8 4 ), obtained 

 by oxidizing xylic acid with dilute HN0 8 ; separates 

 from boiling water in llocculent masses ; melts at 2N2 . 



Acida \,rd -itl-ali) [I..]. Plural of Acidum, q.v. 



Acid-Albumin {as'-id al f -bu-miri). A derived albu- 

 min. A proteid having been acted upon or dissolved 

 in the stronger acids, and yielding an acid reaction. 



Acidiferous [as-id-if '-er-u ) [<i<idre///, acid; ferre, to 

 bear]. Containing an acid; producing acidity, 



Acidifiable (at id' if-i a bl) \a> idum, acid ; fieri, to be- 

 come]. Capable of becoming an acid, or of becoming 

 sour. 



Acidification {as-id-if-ik-a' -shun) [acidum, acid \farere, 

 to make]. Conversion into an acid; the process of 

 becoming sour. 



