A I ROPHY 



l 18 



\ I II XI ATING 



skin, and arc situated chiefly about the buttocks, 

 border of the ilium, trochanters, and thighs. 

 The ■• spots " are less common, small, usually isolated, 

 and are seen mostly on the trunk and neck. 

 Atrophy want ol nourishment], A 



-m\ e i hange in parts originally well formed and 

 well-nourished, consisting in loss of weight, size, and 

 function of an 01 tissue, owing to some disorder 



of nutrition, disu e. continuous | i dimin 



ished blood-suppl) to the part. A., Active, due to 

 the inherent inability of the cells of a tissue to assimi 

 late the nutriment brought to them A., Acute 

 Yellow. S gravis. A., Brown, a form 



of atrophy in which the normal pigment of the organ 

 i> retained, and in which there is also frequently the 

 addition of new pigment from the Mood and disinte- 



ited albuminates. It occurs most frequently in the 

 heart, muscles, and liver, and is caused by chri 

 congestion; also called Pigmented Atrophy. A. of 

 the Bulb, progressive shrinking of the eyeball. A., 

 Correlated, an atrophy of certain portions of the 

 body following the removal or destruction of other 

 portion-.. ["hus amputation of an arm will be fol- 

 lowed by an atrophy of the scapula; of a leg, of 

 the corresponding os innominatum, together with 

 a diminution in the size of the heart and large 

 blood-vessels. A., Cruveilhier's. See Disea 

 Table of. A., Gray, a degenerative change in the 

 optic disc in which the latter assumes a grayish color. 

 A. of Hair, a wasting or deficient growth of the 

 hair. A., Idiopathic Muscular, primary muscular 

 dystrophy ; muscular wasting, with or without an 

 initial hypertrophy, beginning in various groups of 

 muscles, usually , ive in character, and depend 



ent on primary changes in the muscles themselves. 

 There i- a strong hereditary predisposition to the dis- 

 ease. A., Muscular, affects the muscles and may be 

 hereditary or acquired, idiopathic, myelopathic, myo 

 pathic, neuropathic, primary, secondary, simple, or 

 progressive. A., Passive, caused by diminished 

 nutrition supplied to the part. A., Pigmentary, so 

 called from a deposit of pigment (yellow or yellowish- 

 bmwn i in the atrophied fat-cells. A., Pigmented. 

 A., Brown. A., Progressive Muscular; 

 Chronic Anterior Poliomyelitis; Wasting Palsy. A 

 chronic disease characterized by progressive wasting 

 of individual muscles or physiologic groups of mus- 

 cle-,, and by an associated and proportional amount 

 of paralysis. It is due to a degeneration and atrophy 

 of the multipolar cells in the anterior gray matter of 

 th cord, with consecutive degeneration of the anterior 

 nerve-roots and muscles. The right hand is usually 

 the part first attacked, and it takes on a peculiar claw- 

 like form (main en griffe). The disease is most fre- 

 quent in males of adult life, and follows excessive 

 muscular exertion. A., Progressive Unilateral 

 Facial, a disease < harai t( i ized by progressive wasting 

 of the skin, connective tissue, fat, bone, and more 

 rarely the musi les ol one side of the face. It is most 



union in females; its Course is slow and generally 

 progressive. Opinions vary as to whether the <li 51 

 is central or peripheral in origin. A., Red, a form 

 of cirrhosis of the liver due to chronic congestion, as 

 seen in mitral and tricuspid valvular lesions. It is also 

 seen in emphysema and chronic pleurisy with contrac 

 tion. The cut surface of the li\' 1 presents a nutmeg 

 appearance, and is therefore called the nutmeg liver. 

 A., Serous, that characterized by a transudation of 

 serum into the tissue after the fat has gone, giving 

 it a gelatinous appearance. A. Senile, the physio 

 logical variety of Simple Atrophy. A., Simple, the 

 retrogressive pro and shrinking due to patho 



logic causes, allied to the physiologic retrogression of 

 senility, but occurring, as it were, prematurely. A. 

 of the Teeth, a name formerly used to designate 



erosion of the teeth, an affection characterized either 



by perforations in, 01 discolored sp,,is of a shriveled, 



yellowish, or brownish aspect, on the enamel, of two, 

 four, or more teeth in each jaw. A., Trophoneuro- 

 tic, that dependent upon abnormality of the nervous 

 supply or control ol an organ or tissue, best illustrated 

 in muscular atroph) from injury of the proper nerves 

 of the muscle, or in disease oi the anterior horns of 



L;ray matter of the cord. 



Atropina, or Atropin {,//■>;> -pi'-nah; at'-ro-pin) [ \ -.,<•■ 

 . one of the bates who cut the thread of "life: 

 ., Atropina'], < l7 l l,.\'< >... A crystalline alka- 

 loid derived from Atropa belladonna. The sulphat 

 is a white powder of bitter taste, neutral reaction, 

 soluble in water. Homatropin. C lfl H 21 NO a , is a de- 

 rivative alkaloid, the hydrobromate being used by 

 ophthalmologists as a mydriatic, principally because 

 its effects pass off more quickly than those oi atropin. 

 Homatropin slows the heart, atropin quickens it. 

 Atropin is an irritant narcotic, a mydriatic, antispas 

 modic, and anodyne; in small doses a cardiac, respira- 

 tory, and spinal stimulant, in large doses a paralyzant 

 of the cardiac and respiratory centers, the spinal cord, 

 motor nerves, and voluntary muscles. It produces 

 congestion and dryness of the mucous membrane of 

 the mouth, nose, pharynx, and larynx, at fust lessen- 

 ing the gastric and intestinal secretion, to be followed 

 by an increase of the same. It is extensively used 

 in ophthalmic practice to dilate the pupil, paralyze 

 accommodation, and also in various corneal, iritic, and 

 other ocular diseases. Its therapeutic use in general 

 medicine is aUo manifold; e.g., in inflammatory 

 affections and the pain of cerebral and spinal hypere- 

 mia, atonic constipation, cardiac failure, hypersecri 

 tions, etc., and as a physiologic antagonist in opium 

 poisoning. Dose of atropin sulphate gr. yjry — iAr. 

 Injectio Homatropina Hypodermica, 1 in 1 20. 

 I lose gr. r I lT - L, A. -catarrh. See Conjunctivitis, 

 Atropin. A. -conjunctivitis. See Conjunctivitis. 



Atropinism (<//' ro-pin izm). See Alropism. 



Atropinize [at r -ro-pin-tz) [*Ar/w7roc]. To bring under 

 the influence of, or treat with atropin. 



Atropism [at 1 -ro-pizm) {' \Ti}i l -n l /j. Poisoning with, 

 or the morbid condition induced by, atropin. 



Attachement (at-tash / -mon(g\ ) [Fr.]. In massage, 

 concentric curves eccentric; starting from a point 

 taken as a center, one describes, by circular move 

 ments, circumferences wider and wider till the outside 

 of the pail is reached ; return is then made by circles 

 smaller and smaller till the starting point is reached. 



Attack [at-tak') [IT., attai/ue"]. The onset ol a seizure 

 or of a disease 



Attar (at'-ar) [Pers., atar"]. A general name for any of 

 the volatile oils. A. of Rose, Oil of Rose. The vol 

 atile oil distilled from the fresh flowers of the Damas- 

 cene rose, ft comes mainly from P. Roumelia and 

 is generally adulterated with other volatile oils. It 



is used only as a perfume. 



Attendant (at-ten'-dant 1 [attendere, to attend]. A non- 

 professional attache of an asylum or hospital, espe 

 1 tally of an insane asylum. 



Attention [at-ten'-shun) \attentio, a giving heed to]. 

 The direction of the will or thought upon an objei 1 "i 

 to a particular sensation . A. Time. See / me. 



Attenuant {at-ten' u ant) [afenuare, to male thin]. A 

 medii ine "i agent increasing the fluidity or thinness ..1 

 the blood or other secretion. 



Attenuating [at-ten' '-u-a-ting) [attenuai i», to make thin]. 

 Makingthin A. Medium. See Fractional Cultivation. 



