CRANK >CELE 



3157 



CRANIOSTOSIS 



Craniocele (kra' -ne-o-sll) [Kpaviov, skull; m/'/'i, a 



tumor]. Encephalocele, </. v. 

 Cranioclasis [kra-ne-ok' '-las-is) [jcpaviov, skull; idAoig, 



a breaking]. See Cranioclasm. 



Cranioclasm (kra'-n, °.-o-klazm) [Kpaviov, the skull ; 

 icX&eiv, to break]. The operation of breaking the 

 fetal head by mean- ol the cranioclast. 



Cranioclast Utra f -ne-o-klast) [upaviov, skull; Kkaevu, 

 to break], A heavy forceps for crushing the fetal 

 head. 



Craniodiaclast [kra-ne-o-dV '-ak-last) [Kpaviov skull ; 

 diaK/av, to break into pieces]. An instrument fur 

 breaking the skull in craniotomy. 



Craniodidymus {kra ne-o-did' '-im-us) [Kpaviov, skull; 

 didvpog, double]. Same as Cephalopagus. 



Craniofacial {kra-ne-o-fa' -shal) [Kpaviov, skull ; fades, 

 face]. Relating to the cranium and the face; as the 

 craniofacial axis, the craniofacial notch, etc. 



Craniograph Ikra'-ne-o-grdf) [Kpaviov, skull ; ypdtpeiv, 

 to record]. An instrument for recording the outlines 

 of the skull. 



Craniography {kra-ne-og^-ra-fe) [Kpaviov, the skull ; 

 yp&Qeiv, to write]. That part of descriptive crani- 

 ology the object of which is to describe the parts or 

 regions of the skull or bones of the face. 



Cranio-hematoncus [kra / -ne-o-hem-at-ong , -kus) \jtpa- 

 v/ov, skull; alfia, blood ; bynoc, a tumor]. Synonym 

 of Cephalhematoma. 



Craniology ikra-ne-ol'-o-je) [Kpav'tov, cranium ; /oyog, 

 science]. A branch of anatomy based upon the com- 

 parative study of skulls. 



Craniomalacia [kra-ne-o-mal-a' '-se-ah). See Cranio- 

 tabes. 



Craniomandibular {kra-ne-o-man-dib' -u-lar) [Kpav'tov, 

 skull; mandibula, the mandible]. Relating to the 

 skull and the lower jaw. 



Craniometer {kra-ne-om' -et-er) [Kpaviov, skull ; perpov, 

 a measure]. An instrument for gauging the dimen- 

 sions of the skull. 



Craniometric, Craniometrical ( kra-ne-o-met'-rik, 

 kra-ne-o-metf -rik-al) [Kpaviov, skull ; perpov, a mea- 

 sure]. Pertaining to craniometry. C. Point, any 

 one of the points of measurement used in craniom- 

 etry. A list of the craniometric points is given. 

 ACANTHION [aK&vdiov, a little spine], a point in 

 the median line of the skull at the base of the 

 nasal spine. Alveolar Point, the point between 

 the two middle incisors of the upper jaw. Antinion, 

 that point on the glabellum, and in the median line, 

 that is farthest from the inion. AsTERlON [adTeptov, 

 starry], the point behind the ear where the parietal, 

 temporal and occipital bones meet. Auricular 

 Point, the center of the orifice of the external audi- 

 tory meatus. Basion [basis, fundament], the middle 

 point of the anterior margin of the foramen magnum. 

 BREGMA, the point where the coronal and sagittal 

 sutures meet. Dacryon, or Dakryon [daupvov, a 

 tear], the point beside the root of the nose where 

 the frontal, lachrymal, and superior maxillary bones 

 meet. Entomion, the point where the parietal notch 

 of the temporal bone receives the anterior extension 

 of the mastoid angle of the parietal. Glabella, or 

 GLABELLUM, the point in the median line between the 

 superciliary arches, marked by a swelling, sometimes 

 by a depression. GNATHION, same as Mental Point. 

 GoNiON.the point at the angle of the lower jaw. HoR- 

 MION, the anterior point of the basilar portion of the 

 united spheno-occipital bone, where it is crossed by the 

 median line. Inion, the external occipital protuberance. 

 JUGAL POINT, the point situated at the angle that the 

 posterior border of the frontal branch of the malar 

 bone makes with the superior border of its zygomatic 



branch. KORONION, the apex of the coronoid pro- 

 cess "i the inferior maxilla. Lambda, the point of 

 meeting of the sagittal and the lambdoid sutures. 

 M \i.\k PoiN i. a point situated on the tubercle on the 

 external surface of the malar bone, nr at the intersec- 

 tion (,| a line drawn from the external extremity of 

 the fronto-malar suture to the tuben ]>■ at the inferior 

 angle ol the malar bom- and a line drawn nearly hori- 

 zontall) from the inferior border of the orbit over the 

 malar bone to the sup< i i< >r border of the zygomatic arch. 



Maximum Occipital Point, or Occipital Point, 

 the posterior extremity of the antero-posterior diameter 

 of the skull, measured lr<>m the glabella in front to the 

 most distant point behind. Mental POINT, the 

 middle point of the anterior lip of the lower border 

 of the lower jaw. METOPION, or METOPN Point, a 

 point in the middle line between the two frontal emi- 

 nences. NASION,or Nasal Point, the middle of the 

 frontal suture at the root of the nose I . the 



part of the sagittal suture between the two parietal 

 foramina. OCCIPITAL POINT. See Maximum Occi- 

 pital Point. OPHRYON, the middle of the supraorbi 

 tal line, which, drawn across the narrowest part of the 

 forehead, separates the face frqm the cranium. ( >pis- 

 THION, the middle point of the posterior border of 

 the foramen magnum. PROSTHION, the Ah-eolar 

 point. PTERION, the point where the frontal, parie- 

 tal, temporal, and sphenoid bones come together. 

 RHINION, the upper median point of the anterior 

 nasal opening. Spinal Point. Same as Subnasal 

 Point. STEPHANION, 1 NFERIOR, the point where the 

 ridge for the temporal muscle intersects the coro- 

 nal suture. Stephanion, Superior, the point 



where the coronal suture crosses the temporal ridge. 

 Subnasal Point, the middle of the inferior border 

 of the anterior nares at the base of the nasal spine. 

 Supra-auricular Point, the point vertically over 

 the auricular point at the root of the zygomatic pro- 

 cess. Supranasal Point. Same as Ophryon. 

 Supraorbital Point. Same as Ophryon. Sym 

 physion, the median point of the outer border of the 

 alveolus of the lower jaw. Vertex, the superior 

 point of the skull. In obstetrics, that conical portion 

 of the skull whose apex is at the posterior fontanel 

 and whose base is formed by the biparietal and 

 trachelo-bregmatic diameters. 



Craniometry (kra-ne-om , -et-re) [Kpaviov, skull ; perpov, 

 a measure]. The ascertainment of the proporti'n- 

 and measurements of skulls, together with the discus- 

 sion of the ascertained facts, and the drawing of sci- 

 entific inferences therefrom. See An . Index, 

 Plane, Point. 



Craniopagus [kra-ne-op/ -ag-us). See Cephalopagus. 



Craniopharyngeal {kra-ne-o-fa y in' '-je-at ') [Kpaviov, 

 skull ; oapv-}:, the pharynx]. Relating to the crani- 

 um and the pharynx. 



Craniophore (kra'-ne-o-fdr) [Kpaviov, cranium ; oipetv, 

 to bear]. A device for holding the skull during cra- 

 niometric study. 



Cranioplasty ( kra' -ne-o-plas-te ) [Kpaviov, skull ; 

 -'/naroc, formed]. The surgical restoration or cor- 

 rection of cranial deficiencies. 



Craniosclerosis {kra-ne-o-skle-ro' -sis) [Kpaviov, skull ; 

 (TK/j/f>6c, hard]. A condition the antithesis of that 

 seen in craniotabes. A thickening of the cranial 

 bones, usually due to rhachitis. 



Cranioscopy {kran-e-os* -ko-pe). See Phrenology. 



Craniostegnosis [kra-ne-o-steg-no* '-sis) [Kpaviov, skull; 

 ari-.vt.imt;, contraction]. Contraction of ihe skull. 



Craniostosis [kran-e-os-to r -sis) [Kpaviov, skull ; bareov, 

 a bone]. Congenital ossification of the cranial 

 sutures. 



