11 1 I I Kit I IV 



111 



I I I I I RODE 



MicroTarad. Micro 



volt, one millionth pa Milliampere. 



Ohm, t!u- m I 



it is the resistance ol a pure silvei wire 

 t-r in lei millimeter in diamete 



• unit i- , part ol the 



un / Volt, tli mo 



ti\. irrent of 



me ohm. 



il popular cells : 



i 1 taniell, 1.05 : Callaud, 



; 5 Volt-ampere, the unit of 



•] 'fil 



zing .m flo iromotive 



. ;. In i; J equivalent is about 



: minute. It is sometimes called 



Volt-coulomb, the unit of electric wi 



Watt. - Weber, an ampere. Unit 



of Work. [ual to the work required 



me centimeter against a force 

 J relations ol these elec- 

 tric units may 1 ssed thus: — 



lomb = 1 joule 



- 1 watt 



1 volt -,i ohm = 1 ampere 



I nn- lun 1 volt 



ohm — 1 wait 



ni.l = 1 joule 



md = . . . . : coulomb 



Electricity Iris'-it- . amber]. One of 



tin f nature developed or generate I b) chem- 



tism, or friction, and probably a mode of 

 ethereal vibratioi ly analogous to and converti- 



ble into heat and light. It has been largely employed 

 in its variou for therapeutic purposes. Most 



animal and vegetable libers (living) contract when an 

 electric current is passed through them, and, in fact, 

 no substanci mi that does not offer some resist- 



ance to the an electric current. By the 



1 a substance is meant the ability 

 a given length and area of a cross section of that 

 su! conduct electricity, as compared with an 



section of some other 



-iKcr or copper. This power 



lances, be pronounced, partial, or 



Luctors are silver, copper, other 



ireoal; partial conductors are water, the 



human ■. tod, marble, paper; non 



tin, dry wood, silk, resins, dry air, 



ebonite, paraffin, glass. E., 



Anima: in the body. E., Chemic. 



E., Faradic, lhat produced by 



induction. E., Franklinic, frictional or static elec- 



E., Frictional, that produi ed by friction. E., 



Galvanic, that which is generated by chemic action 



in - : II. E., Inductive, that produced in 



trified body without 



E., Magnetic, that developed by bringing a 



1 magnet. See Current. 



Medico ir thera] 5. E., 



Static. E., Voltaic, same as 



Electrization amber]. 



idy. E., General, 

 all j.art 



Electrize ] 1 ,, t ,,. ;ll |, v 



Elect] ]. A metal 



' I to the 



ble galvanic 



CUf 



Electro- {e-lek / -tro-)\ijteKTpov t amber]. A. Greek word 

 used as a prefix to denote connection with or relation 

 to electricity. E. -anesthesia, inability to perceive 

 the sensation made by electricit) upon the skin. 

 E. -biology, the science of the electric relations and 

 laws oi organic beings E.-bioscopy. See Bioscopy. 

 E -centesis, the use of electrolysis to cause absorp- 

 tion ol effusions, as in pleurisy. E. -chemistry, the 

 science of the intei relations and laws of electricit) 

 and chemistry. E. -cystoscopy, examination of the 

 bladder bj means of electric illumination. E. -diag- 

 nosis, diagnosis by means of the exaggeration or 

 diminution of the reaction of the excitable tissues oi 

 the body when subjected to the varying influences of 

 electric currents. E.-esthesia, ability to perceive the 

 sensation made by the reception of an electric dis 

 chaige ; it ma) co-exist with local anesthesia, or 

 with loss of the power to perceive other sensations. 

 E. -magnet, a mass of soft iron surrounded by a 

 coil of wire. E. -magnetic Inertia, a term some 

 tunes employed instead of inductance or the self- 

 induction of a current. E. -magnetism, magnetism 

 induced within iron, steel, or nickel, by introducing 

 it within a coil through which a current is passing. 

 E. -massage, the transmission of a current of el) 1 

 tricky through a kneading instrument; the use of 

 labile currents applied by means of a rolling or wheel 

 electrode, or by a sponge or brush. E. -motive, 

 pertaining to the mechanic or motor effects of elec- 

 tricity. E. -motor Force, that which sets electricity 

 in motion ; the difference of potential between two 

 points. It is estimated in volts. E. -muscular, per- 

 taining to the action of electricity upon muscles. 

 E. -muscular Contractility, the contractile response 

 of a muscle to an electric current. E. -muscular Sen- 

 sibility, the impression upon a sensory nerve by 

 electric irritation. E.-otiatria, electricity applied to the 

 treatment of diseases of the ear. E. -pathology, the 

 study of morbid conditions by the aid of electric irrita- 

 tion. E. -physiology, the study of electric reaction-. 

 properties, and relations of organs and organic tissues. 

 E.-puncturation, or E. -puncture, the use of needles 

 as electrodes, which are thrust into an organ, or tumor, 

 e. g., into the cavity of an aneurysm, with the object 

 of coagulating the contained blood. E. -sensibility, 

 an effect produced on a sensory nerve by its electriza- 

 tion. E. -statics, the science of static electricity, or 

 that developed by friction and induction. E.-thanasis, 

 a won! proposed for death by electricity. E. -thera- 

 peutic Bath. See Bath. E. -therapeutics, the 

 science and art of the application of electricity for 

 therapeutic purposes. E. -therapy. See E.-tkera- 

 patties. E. -thermometry, the determination of the 

 radiation of body heat by means of an electric ther- 

 moscope. E. -vital, pertaining both to electricit}' and 

 to the phenomena of life. E. -vitalism, the theoretic 

 identification of the vital forces with electricity. 



Electrode [e-lek'-trod) [yteicrpov, amber; Mdc, a way]. 

 The instruments, fastened to the conducting cords ol a 

 battery, that are used in the application of electricity 

 to the body. The standard sizes of electrodes gen- 

 erally adopted in therapy are, according to Erb, as 

 follows : — 



1 In" electrode % cm diameter. 



2. Small " 2 " 



- Medium " 7.5 " " 



4. Large " 6X2 " 



5 \ 8 X16 " 



E., Brush, one end fitted with a camel's-hair pencil. 

 E., Clay, a therapeutic electrode of day shaped to tit 

 the part of the body to be treated. E., Electro- 

 therapeutic, the therapeutic electrode is generally 



