HYDROBROMATE 



:.-l 



HYDROCARBON 



Hydrobromate [hi-dro-bro / -mSt) [ydap, water; P/juiku , 



a stench]. A basic salt of hydrobromic acid. 

 Hydrobromic {hi-dro-bro* '-mtk) [i/Sap, water; Ppu/iog, 



stench]. Composed of hydrogen and bromin. H. 

 Acid. See Acid, Hydrobromic. H. Ether, C 2 H 5 Br. 



Bromid of ethyl. A colorless, translucent liquid, with 

 a neutral reaction, ethereal smell, and a pungent, 

 sweet taste; its specific gravity is 1.4733 '■> ' l boils at 

 104 F. (40.7 (_'.), ami burns with difficulty wit 

 green, smokeless flame. It is prepared by distilling 

 alcohol with either bromin, hydrobromic acid, or bromid 

 of phosphorus. It is only slightly soluble in water, 

 but freely so in ether or alcohol. It is used as an 

 anesthetic. Sec Anesthetic. 

 Hydrobromid Iki-dro-bro'-midY Same as Hydrobro- 

 mate. 

 Hydrocaffeic Acid [hi-dro-kaf-e' -ik). See Acid. 

 Hydrocarbon (hi-dro-kar 1 '-bon) [ydap, water; carbo, 

 charcoal]. A name applied to anyone of a multitude 

 of compounds composed mainly of hydrogen and car- 

 bon, but also under certain conditions containing other 

 elements as substitution-products. The possibilities 

 of the number of such compounds may be seen in the 

 following series, perhaps the simplest, carbon, C, being 

 a tetrad, and requiring four monad atoms to saturate 

 its quantivalence : — 



In either of these one or more 

 atoms of hydrogen may be 

 replaced by other atoms or radi- 

 cles without altering the struc- 

 ture of the compound. 

 It will be noticed that the members of the series differ 

 by CH 2 in the present case. The various members of 

 the Fat-series are usually indicated as follows : — 

 Paraffin Series, C n H 2n + 2 , \ in which n stands for any 

 Olefins, C 2 H 2I1 , I number of carbon atoms. 



Acetylenes, C 2 H 2 „_ 2 , j Thus, if w = 3, the corre- 



sponding member of the Paraffin series would be 

 C 3 H 8 , etc. All the hydrocarbons are inflammable. 

 They occur in nature as marsh-gas (fire-damp), natural 

 gas, naphtha, petroleum, asphaltum, ozocerite, etc., in 

 a multitude of forms. They, with their derivatives, 

 form the subject-matter of organic chemistry. A 

 Table of the Hydrocarbons, is appended. 



TABLE OF HYDROCARBONS. 



1. PARAFFINS (ETHANES), CnH2n+2. 



TABLE OF HYDROCARBONS.— Continued. 

 1. PARAFFINS (ETHANES).— Continued. 



Methane, CH 4 . 

 Ethane, C 2 H fi . 

 Propane, C.I [ g . 

 Butane, C 4 H 10 . 

 Pentane, C=H,., 



