KERAUNOI'IIOIJI \ 



641 



KIDNEY 



Keraunophobia (ker-aw-no-fo f -be-a!i) [icepawdg, light- 

 ning ; $6f3os, dread]. Morbid dread "1" lightning ; 

 astrapaphobia. 



Kerectasia [ker-ek-ta / -se-ah). See Keratectasia. 



Kerectomy [ker-ek' '-to-me). See Keratectomy. 



Kerion, or Kerium [ke'-re-on or ke' -re-urn) [tajpiov, 

 honey-comb favus]. Same as /■'nuts. 



Kerkring, Valves of. See / 'alve. 



Kermes [ker'-miz) [Pers., qirmiz, crimson], A red 

 dye-stuff, made up of the dried females of Coccus ■ 

 an insect not unlike cochineal, found on oak tl 

 in the Orient. K. Mineral, a mixture of the teroxid 

 and tersulphid of antimony, formerly much used in 

 medicine. It is also called red antimony. 



Kermesine [ker f met in) [Pers., qirmiz, crimson]. 

 Pertaining to kermes. 



Kermesite {ker f -miz-tt) [Pers., qirmiz, crimson]. The 

 native oxysulphid of antimony. 



Kermisin [ker f -miz-in) [Pers., qirmiz, crimson]. 

 Carmin-red. 



Kernel [ker'-nel) [ME., kirnel, a little corn or grain]. 

 I. 'The popular name for the pancreas or sweetbread 

 of animals. 2. The bundle of fat on the fore-shoulder ; 

 any swelling or mass of flesh. 3. A nucleus. 4. In 

 the plural, a popular term for enlarged lymphatic 

 glands. 5- In biology, the edible portion of a drupe or 

 an entire seed. 



Keroid [ker'-oid) \jckpaq, horn ; elSog, like]. Horny. 



Kerosene (ker'-o-seii). See Burning oil. 



Kerosolene {ker* '-o-so-lBn) \jtrip6q, wax; oleum, oil]. 

 A colorless, volatile liquid distilled from coal-oil. It 

 boils at 58 C. and has been used as a local anesthetic. 

 Unof. 



Kessel's Operation. See Opera/ions, 'fable of. 



Ketin (ket'-in), t' t .ll.X,. I. An oily substance, boil- 

 ing between I70 and 180 C. 2. A member of a ho- 

 mologous series, CnII.,n — 4 N ? , produced by the action 

 of sodium (or tin) and hydrochloric acid on nitroso- 

 acetone and its homologues. Diethylketin, C 10 H lg - 

 N 2 , is an oily substance, boiling at from 215 to 21 7 

 C. ; it is formed by the reduction of nitrosoethyl- 

 acetone. Dimethylketin is a crystalline solid, 

 soluble in ether, fusing at 87° C, and produced by 

 the reduction of nitrosomethylacetone. Dipropyl- 

 ketin, C^H^X.,. is an oily substance, boiling between 

 235 and 240 C, atid formed in the reduction of 

 nitrosopropylacetone. 



Ketols (ke'-tolz). In chemistry, ketone-alcohols, con- 

 taining both the ketone and alcohol groiij 



Ketone [ke'-ton) [an arbitrary variation of acetone"]. In 

 chemistry, an organic compound consisting of the 

 unsaturated radicle =C=0 united to two alcohol 

 radicles. It may be considered as a derivative of 

 secondary alcohols, bearing the same relation to them 

 as the aldehyds bear to the primary alcohols. The 

 ketones are compounds in which two hydrogen atoms 

 of an intermediate carbon atom are replaced by one 

 atom of oxygen. They arr generally volatile liquids, 

 of ethereal odor, insoluble in water. They are the 

 products of the oxidation of the secondary alcohols, 

 or of the union of carboxyl, CO, with two alkyl 

 atoms. 



Ketonic (Jie-ton'-ik) [ketone]. Pertaining to ketone. 



Ketoses (ke-to / -ses). In chemistry, a generic name 

 applied to the ketone alcohols. O Mil, .OH. 



Ketoxims [ke-toks' -imz) . Same a-- Acetoxims. 



Kettle {kef -I) [ME., ketel, a kettle]. A vessel made of 

 metal, used for heating liquids. K., Bronchitis. See 

 K., Croup. K., Croup, a contrivance for the inhala- 

 tion of heated moist air, which may be medicated. 

 Shaw's croup-kettle consists of an alcohol-lamp and a 

 vessel fitted with a long tube, by means of which the 

 41 



steam is directed downward when the mouth-piece is 

 introduced far back into the mouth. 



Key [ke) [ME., keye, key]. An instrument for opening 

 or fastening a lock. K. -forceps, Elliot's ; two in- 

 struments are so called, the one having I 1 for- 

 ceps and the handle of a key, for the extraction of 

 teeth ; the other is designed for the extraction of 1 

 of teeth thai 1 but one side above the alveolus. 

 They are now but little used. K. of Garengeot, an 

 instrument for the extraction of teeth, composed of a 

 shank with a movable clasp and a cross-bar. 1 he 

 clasp is applied t<> the inner -urface of the tooth, and 

 the extraction is accomplished by turning the handle. 

 K., Tooth. See A", of Garengeot. 



Key and Retzius, Foramina of. Two foramina at 

 the extremities of the lateral recesses of the fourth 

 ventricle behind the upper roots of the glossopharyn- 

 geal nerves. They connect the cisterna magna witli 

 the fourth ventricle. 



Kiafer [ki'-af-er). See Kefir. 



Kibbie's Method. See Treatment, Methods of. 



Kibe (kid). See Chilblain. 



Kidinga pepo [kid-in f -gah pe'-po) [African]. A name 

 applied in Zanzibar to a disease resembling dengue. 



Kidney [kid f -ne) [ME., kid, the belly; nere, kidney]. 

 One of the two large glandular organs situated in the 

 upper and posterior portion of the abdominal cavity, 



Longitudinal Section through the Kidney. 

 ■>ii, after Henle.) 



2". Boundary layer of medulla. 2'. Papillary portion of me- 

 dulla. 3,3. Transverse section of tubules in boundary layer. 

 4. Fat of renal sinus. *. Transversely coursing medullary 

 rays. <s, 5. Artery. 1". Labyrinth. 1'. Medullary rays. 

 2. Medulla. 1. Cortex. C. Renal calyx. U. Ureter. 

 A. Branch of renal artery. 



and especially concerned in the elimination or excre- 

 tion of water and nitrogenous matter. It consists 



