2G8 



FOOTNOTES FPOM 



Uredo segetum (Fig. 35), and by farmers it is familiarly 

 called smut or dust-brand. It is more frequent in corn 

 than in any other of the cereal 

 crops. Examined under the micro- 

 scope each grain is found to be con- 

 verted into a vast number of minute 

 round balls or sporules of a deep 

 brownish-black colour. Bauer says 

 that in the 1 6,000th part of a square 

 inch he counted forty-nine of those 

 JIG. 36.-UBEDO CAKIES. sporules, so that four millions of 



Sporwiind Myi-elium highly 



magma,*!. them may exist in a single grain of 



On the grains of wheat an equally common but 

 still more injurious fun- 

 gus is developed called 

 bunt ( Uredo canes, Fig. 

 36). In this disease the 

 seeds retain their ori- 

 ginal form and appear- 

 ance, but the inside is 

 completely converted 

 into one mass of black 



corn. 



sporidia, of a much 



rut 

 ikf 



/ larger size than the 

 sporules of the preced- 

 ing species, and con- 

 taining granules within 

 them. The ears thus 

 infected are completely 

 spoiled, and give out 

 an exceedingly foetid odour when crushed. Every farmer 



FIG. 37. PUCCISIA GRAMIKIS. 



(a) Hightly magnified. (6) Sporidia, highly 

 magnified. 



