DISTRIBUTION IN SPACE 141 



Starlings (Sturnidae), the Swallow Shrikes (Arta- 

 midae,) the Broadbills (Eurylaemidae) (conf. p. 

 100), and the Pittas (Pittidae). Most of these 

 are tropical or south temperate families, the 

 Bulbuls, Orioles, Flycatchers, Sun-Birds, Flower- 

 peckers and Pittas alone encroaching upon 

 the Palaearctic Region (which cannot claim a 

 single peculiar family), and most of these do so 

 to the very slightest degree, with the exception 

 of the Flycatchers. Among the Passerine 

 families entirely confined to the New World we 

 may mention the Sugar Birds (Ccerebidae), the 

 Wood Warblers (Minotiltidae), the Viereos or 

 Greenlets (Vireonidae), the Hang-nests (Icteridae), 

 the Tanagers (Tanagridae), the Tyrant Birds 

 (Tyrannidae), the Manakins (Pipridae), the 

 Chatterers (Cotingidae), the Wood Hewers 

 (Dendrocolaptidae), the Ant Thrushes (Formi- 

 cariidae), and the South American Wrens (Pter- 

 optochidae). We find precisely analogous 

 phenomena of distribution in the New World 

 as we found in the Old World. Not a single Pas- 

 serine family is peculiar to the Nearctic Region ; 

 whilst such important groups as the Sugar 

 Birds, Tanagers, Tyrant Shrikes, Manakins, Chat- 

 terers, Wood Hewers, Hang-nests, and Bush 

 Shrikes are comparatively poorly represented 



