40 



PROTOZOA RHIZOPODA 



CLASS I 



rocks of Cabrieres in Languedoc, are more or less rich in Radiolarian remains 

 belonging exclusively to the Spumellaria (Fig. 46, A, B}. 



From the Devonian jasper of Siberia, the silicious schists of Hesse and 

 Nassau, and the "Tnanganif erous quartzite of Elbingerode in the Harz, and 

 other places, Riist has described forty-six Spumellarian species and seventeen 

 Nasselarian (Cyrtoidea). The sub-Carboniferous quartzites, phyllites, adinole, 

 and jaspers from the Harz (Culm formation), Ural district, and Sicily have 

 yielded 155 species, of which thirty-six belong to the Nasselaria. In general 

 the Palaeozoic Radiolarians are remarkable for their relatively large size and 

 excellent preservation. 



The Triassic appears to be destitute of Radiolarians except in the Alps, 

 where they are abundant in the hornstone and silicious limestone of the 

 Buchenstein beds of Hungary, and occur less frequently in the Reifling lime- 

 stones, in the Wengen beds of Storzic in Krain, in the marls of St. Cassian, 



and in the silicious lime- 

 stone of the Roth elstein, 

 near Aussee, etc. They 

 are usually associated 

 herewith the remains of 

 sponges and Foramini- 

 fera. In the silicified 

 coprolites of the Lias, 

 found at Ilsede, Han- 

 over, Radiolarians are 



Tertiary Nasselarians from Barbados : A, Anthocyrtis mespihis, Ehrbg. B, ver 7 common ; they are 



in the limestones of the 



Lower Lias on the Schafberg in Upper Austria. Certain hornstone beds of 

 Middle Jurassic age, found at Piszke, Hungary, the Upper Jurassic pudding- 

 stones of Cittiglio, near Laveno on Lago Maggiore, and numerous Tithonian 

 jaspers, as well as the Alpine Aptychus beds, are charged with Radiolarians ; 

 here the Nasselaria are nearly as plentiful as the Spumellaria. The Lower 

 Cretaceous (Neocomian) of Gardenazza has yielded but few forms ; but, on the 

 other hand, coprolites from the Gault, found near Zilli in Saxony, and Lower 

 Cretaceous clay marls in Manitoba, Canada, as well as the Upper Cretaceous 

 marls of Haldem in Westphalia, and Vordorf in Braunschweig, contain 

 excellently preserved skeletons in greater or lesser abundance. Even the 

 flinty concretions of the Upper Chalk sometimes contain them, although in a 

 poor state of preservation. Certain Eocene hornstones in Italy, according to 

 Pantanelli, are filled with Radiolarian remains, while in the Flysch they are 

 also very profuse in some localities, although usually poorly preserved. 



By far the most noted occurrence of fossil Radiolarians is in the chalky 

 "Barbados earth," of Miocene age, in which Foraminifera'are also very con- 

 spicuous ; while the " tripoli " of Grotte, Caltanisetta, and Girgenti in Sicily, 

 of Oran, Aegina, Zante, the Nikobar Islands, and other localities (Miocene and 

 Pliocene), is scarcely less noteworthy. Ehrenberg has described 278 species 

 from Barbados alone, and from Sicily Stohr has described 118 species, most of 

 which belong to still extant Spumellarian, Nasselarian, and Phaeodarian genera. 



FlQ 50 



