COELENTERATA ANTHOZOA 



SUB-BRANCH II 



Sub-Order B. PERFOBATA. Milne-Edwards and Haime. 



built up of small calcareous bodies (sclerites), between which are empty 

 interstices of greater or lesser size. Theca formed by fusion of outer septal edges or 

 absent. Interseptal loculi empty throughout or traversed by synapticula or dissepiments. 



? Family 1. Archaeocyathidae. 1 Walcott. 



Simple, turbinate, or sub -cylindrical corolla. Septa and theca porous ; inner 

 septal edges united by perforated interior wall, which encloses a hollow central space. 

 Synapticula present in interseptal loculi. 



All the genera described up to the present time (Archaeocyathus, Bill. ; 

 Ethmophyllum, Meek; Spirocyathus, Hinde; Protopharetra, Bornem., etc.) are 

 restricted to the Cambrian rocks of Canada, North America, Spain, and 

 Sardinia. They represent possibly a distinct order of the Madreporarm. 



Family 2. Eupsaxnmidae. Milne-Edwards and Haime. 



Corallum simple or becoming composite by lateral gemmation. Septa rery 

 numerous, sometimes united by synapticula, and frequently with their inner edges 

 fused together. Theca naked or covered with epitheca, and formed by thickening of the 

 septal edges. Silurian to Recent. 



Calostylis, Linds. Corallum simple, sub - cylindrical, or composite and 

 multiplying by lateral gemmation. Septa very numerous, of spongy con- 



Eupgammla 



.trochiformis, 

 Pallas. Cal- 

 caire Grossicr ; 

 Chaussy, near 

 Paris. Natural 

 size. 



\'i<;. 1(>3. 



Hnlinii>iili i/lliii- ximiala, Reuss. 

 Oligocene ; Waldbockelheim, 

 Prussia. a, Natural size; 

 b, Number of septa enlarged. 



FIG. 164. 



sti-iiliiin<ii>1mUia elegans, Bronn sp. Pliocene; 

 Stazzano, near Modena, Italy, a and b, Upper 

 and lower surfaces, enlarged; c, Profile, natural 



sistency, and either fused together or united by synapticula. Columella thick, 

 spongy ; wall covered with epitheca. Silurian ; Gottland. 



Haplaraea, Milasch. Simple, cylindrical coralla, with broad encrusting base. 

 Septa numerous, extending to the centre, perforated by large apertures, and 

 sometimes fused together or united by synapticula. Traversa also present, but 

 no columella. Jurassic and Cretaceous. 



1 Sittings, K, Palaeozoic Fossils of Canada, I., 1861-65. Walcott, C. 7A, Bull. U. S. Geol. 

 Survey, No. 30, 1886. Bornemann, J. G., Versteinerungeu des Camlirisclieu Systems von Sardinieii, 

 1886. Hinde, G. J., Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. XLV., 1889, p. 125. 



