SUPER-ORDER v M A L.\< ( >STU ACA ;:.:. 



Surface without nodes or carinae. Antennae (?) obscure ; supposed gastric teeth large, 

 cuspidate. Rostrum Ian. -dilate. Body Begim-nt.- t'm-t.-rn ! HHMV, tour to seven ex- 

 tending beyond the carapace, -..m.- ..f tli.-ni with >lruiv l.ram-hial ftppendlgn (vopodl , 

 Telson long, spinosi- un 

 the edges ; two lateral 

 appendages or cercopods. 

 Abundant in Ordovician 

 and Silurian ; Europe and 

 North America. Jf\^J^ ^M & 



Cardiolites, Nicl.. ^ ^^ 



Supposed tracks of Cera- 

 tiocaris (?). Silurian; 

 Scotland. 



Caryocaris, Salter. 



Carapace smooth, narrow, l/ffii 



f ., , fm 'locarispapilio, Salter. Ordovician; Lanark- 



sub-acute in front, thick, jiff shi) ,.. ,, t AnfewMwifc; m, Mandible; r, Rostrum. 



Abdomen unknown; y 1 1 Vi (after Woodward), 



caudal plate with three 

 spines. Cambrian ; Wales. 



Physocaris, Salter. Carapace bladder-shaped, pointed in front, bivalved (?), smooth. 

 Abdomen smooth ; telson longer than the cercopods. Silurian. 



Lingulocaris, Salter ; Saccocaris, Salter. Very imperfect remains of Crustacean 

 bodies. Lingula Flags ; Wales. 



Acanthocaris, Peach. Carapace small, with a blunt snout in front ; surface 

 smooth. Body segments numerous, seven exposed beyond the carapace. Telson long ; 

 cercopods short or rudimentary. Lower Carboniferous ; Scotland. 



Xiphidiocaris, Jones and Woodw. (emend.). Known only by its long curved blade- 

 like telson. Silurian (Ludlow) ; England. (X. ensis, Salter.) 



Cryptozoe, Packard. Carapace smooth, broadly rounded in front ; imperfectly 

 known. Coal Measures ; Illinois. (C. problematicus, Packard.) Probably congeneric 

 with the Carboniferous species, Ceratiocaris Oretonensis, and C. truncata, Woodw., in 

 which traces of four cephalic appendages have been found. 



Colpocaris, Meek. Carapace smooth, with deep anterior marginal sinus and sharp 

 extremity. Caudal plate with three spines. Lower Carboniferous ; Kentucky. 



Strigocaris, Vogdes (Solenocaris, Meek). Carapace narrow and elongate, with 

 longitudinally striated surface ; very imperfectly known. Lower Carboniferous ; 

 Kentucky. 



Nothozoe, Barrande, may belong in this association. Ordovician ; Bohemia. 



Phasganocarisj Novak. Known only from the abdomen and telson. Last segment 

 long, cylindrical, with strong articulation. Telson articulated to the cercopods by deep 

 sockets ; edges spinose. Surface scaly. Lower Devonian ; Bohemia. 



Macrocaris, Miller. Carapace valves very narrow in front, broad behind, strongly 

 lineate. Body segments numerous. Lower Carboniferous ; Kentucky. 



Family 2. Echinocaridae. Clarke. 



Carapace elongate or oval, with nodes (muscular or segmental) in the cephalic region, 

 one of which in each valve may be ocular but bears no optic pit ; one or more lateral 

 carinae usually present. A free rostrum has been observed in some genera. 



Echinocaris, Whitf. (Figs. 1369, 1373). Hinge short, carapace sub-oval, broad in 

 front, not incurved behind, no postero- lateral spinules ; a single sigmoid carina on each 

 valve, sometimes a small accessory ridge near the hinge. Surface punctate and pustu- 

 lose, no longitudinal striations. Of the body segments, six are exposed and bear small 



