688 



ARTHROPODA 



SUB-KINGDOM VII 



lignites of Rott, Sieblos, Wester wald, Kutschlin in Bohemia, the fresh- water marls of 

 Oeningen, Baden (Fig. 1464), and certain localities in Croatia, Italy, Utah, and 



[FiG. 1464. 



Beetles from the Miocene fresh-water marls of Oeningen, Baden. A, Lytta Aesculapii, Heer. 1/2- B, Clerus 

 Adonis, Heer. Vi- C, Same restored. D, Hister marmoratus, Heer. 2^. E, Nitidula maculigera,~H.eer. 2/j. 



Wyoming. Of the rhynchophorous families alone about 350 Tertiary species have 

 been described, most of which are excellently preserved. Perhaps the most curious 

 form is Triaena, a parasitic Stylopid from amber. 



Order 6. DIPTBRA. Flies. 



Fore wings membranous, narrow, veined, 

 (halter es). Mouth parts adapted for piercing 



Hind wings reduced to clubbed filaments 

 nd sucking. Metamorphosis complete. 



Fossil flies are first encountered in the Lias (Macropeza), but most of the Jurassic 

 forms are too poorly preserved for accurate identification. Musca, Cheilosia, and 



Empidia are known from the Litho- 

 graphic Slates ; Corethrium, Cecido- 

 mium, and Rhyphus from the English 

 Purbeck. 



The Tertiary, especially Oligocene 

 and Miocene, yields large numbers of 



Heer \^u ^ ies ' Tipulidae (Crane Flies) and 



Miocene ; Radoboj,'Croatia. *$&, Bibionidae being the most abundant. 



m other families represented are: 



Syrphidae, Muscidae, Oestridae (Bot 

 Flies), Agromyzidae, Platypezidae, 



FIG. 1465. 

 Psilites bella, 



FIG. 1466". 



' Kmjns Meliu, Heyden. 

 Miocene ; Root, near Bonn, 

 Germany, -/i (after 

 Heyden). 



2'alembolus florigerus, 

 Scudder. Oligocene ; Floris- 

 sant, Colorado. 2/ x (after 

 Scudder). 



FIG. 1468. 



Chironomus Meyeri, Heer. Miocene ; Oeningen, 

 Baden. 6/j (after Heer). 



Psilidae (Fig. 1465), Empidae (Fig. 1466), Bombylidae, Nemestrinidae (Fig. 1467), 

 Asilidae (Robber Flies), Stratiomyidae, Chironomidae (Fig. 1468), Gulicidae (Gnats) 

 Mycetophilidae (Fig. 1476), Cecidomyidae, etc. 



